Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 700 N. San Vicente Blvd., Pacific Design Center, G599, West Hollywood, CA, 90069, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. S, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1772, USA.
Environ Res. 2021 Jun;197:111078. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111078. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
Pesticide exposures have been examined previously as risk factors for childhood brain cancers, but few studies were able to assess risk from specific agents.
To evaluate risks for childhood central nervous system tumors associated with residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications.
Using the California Cancer Registry, we identified cancer cases less than 6 years of age and frequency matched them by year of birth to 20 cancer-free controls identified from birth certificates. We restricted analyses to mothers living in rural areas and births occurring between 1998 and 2011, resulting in 667 cases of childhood central nervous system tumors and 123,158 controls. Possible carcinogens were selected per the Environmental Protection Agency's (US. EPA) classifications, and prenatal exposure was assessed according to pesticides reported by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation's (CDPR) Pesticide Use Reporting (PUR) system as being applied within 4000m of the maternal residence at birth. We computed odds ratios for individual pesticide associations using unconditional logistic and hierarchical regression models.
We observed elevated risks in the hierarchical models for diffuse astrocytoma with exposure to bromacil (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.13-3.97), thiophanate-methyl (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.02-2.66), triforine (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.44-3.92), and kresoxim methyl (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.03-4.21); elevated risks for medulloblastoma with exposure to chlorothalonil (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.15-2.76), propiconazole (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.53), dimethoate (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.43), and linuron (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.25, 5.11); and elevated risk for ependymoma with exposure to thiophanate-methyl (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.10-2.68).
Our study suggests that exposure to certain pesticides through residential proximity to agricultural applications during pregnancy may increase the risk of childhood central nervous system tumors.
先前已有研究表明，接触农药会增加儿童脑癌的风险，但很少有研究能够评估特定农药的风险。
评估儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤与居住环境接近农业农药应用相关的风险。
我们利用加利福尼亚癌症登记处，确定了 6 岁以下的癌症病例，并按照出生年份与 20 名从出生证明中随机抽取的无癌症对照进行频率匹配。我们将分析限制在居住在农村地区的母亲和 1998 年至 2011 年之间出生的婴儿，这导致 667 例儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤和 123158 例对照。根据美国环保署 (US. EPA) 的分类选择可能的致癌物质，根据加利福尼亚农药监管局 (CDPR) 的农药使用报告 (PUR) 系统报告的农药，在母亲居住的地方 4000 米范围内进行产前暴露评估。我们使用无条件逻辑回归和层次回归模型计算个别农药关联的比值比。
在层次模型中，我们观察到弥漫性星形细胞瘤与溴莠定（OR：2.12，95%CI：1.13-3.97）、噻菌灵（OR：1.64，95%CI：1.02-2.66）、三氟啶草酯（OR：2.38，95%CI：1.44-3.92）和肟菌酯（OR：2.09，95%CI：1.03-4.21）接触有关的风险增加；与氯氰菊酯（OR：1.78，95%CI：1.15-2.76）、丙环唑（OR：1.60，95%CI：1.02,2.53）、乐果（OR：1.60，95%CI：1.06,2.43）和敌草隆（OR：2.52，95%CI：1.25,5.11）接触有关的髓母细胞瘤风险增加；与噻菌灵（OR：1.72，95%CI：1.10-2.68）接触有关的室管膜瘤风险增加。
我们的研究表明，怀孕期间通过居住环境接近农业应用暴露于某些农药可能会增加儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤的风险。
