Tang Samantha, Werner-Seidler Aliza, Torok Michelle, Mackinnon Andrew J, Christensen Helen
Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2021 Jun;86:102021. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102021. Epub 2021 Mar 20.
An increase in time spent on screen-based technologies has been suggested to underlie recent increases in mental health problems among young people. However, this hypothesis has primarily been based on the findings of cross-sectional studies. The aim of the current review was to provide a comprehensive overview of longitudinal studies examining the relationship between screen time and internalising mental health symptoms. PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline and EMBASE were systematically searched for articles published up to August 2020. Thirty-five studies, with sample sizes ranging from 126 to 12,866 participants, met inclusion criteria. The association between screen time and subsequent depressive symptoms was found to be small to very small in size. There was limited evidence of any reverse association between depressive symptoms and subsequent screen time. The association between screen time and depressive symptoms varied between different devices and uses. In contrast to depressive symptoms, evidence to support longitudinal associations between screen time and other internalising mental health symptoms, including anxiety, self-esteem, and general internalising problems, was lacking. Together, these results suggest that the impact of increased screen time on the prevalence of mental health problems among young people is likely to be negligible or small. Further longitudinal studies that examine screen content and motivations underlying screen use are required to better discern any relationship between screen time and internalising mental health symptoms.
有人认为，花在基于屏幕的技术上的时间增加是近期年轻人心理健康问题增加的潜在原因。然而，这一假设主要基于横断面研究的结果。本综述的目的是全面概述纵向研究，这些研究考察了屏幕使用时间与内化性心理健康症状之间的关系。我们系统检索了PsycINFO、PubMed/Medline和EMBASE数据库中截至2020年8月发表的文章。35项研究符合纳入标准，样本量从126名到12866名参与者不等。研究发现，屏幕使用时间与随后的抑郁症状之间的关联程度较小到非常小。几乎没有证据表明抑郁症状与随后的屏幕使用时间之间存在反向关联。屏幕使用时间与抑郁症状之间的关联在不同设备和用途之间有所不同。与抑郁症状相反，缺乏证据支持屏幕使用时间与其他内化性心理健康症状（包括焦虑、自尊和一般内化性问题）之间的纵向关联。总之，这些结果表明，屏幕使用时间增加对年轻人心理健康问题患病率的影响可能微不足道或很小。需要进一步的纵向研究来考察屏幕内容和使用屏幕的动机，以便更好地辨别屏幕使用时间与内化性心理健康症状之间的任何关系。
