Almeria Sonia, Murata Fernando H A, Cerqueira-Cézar Camila K, Kwok Oliver C H, Shipley Alicia, Dubey Jitender P
Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment (OARSA), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 14;9(3):597. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030597.
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis of global distribution, and infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Hares and rabbits are important small game species, and their meat is consumed by humans in many countries. Demand for rabbit meat for human consumption is increasing; therefore, toxoplasmosis in rabbits and hares is of epidemiological significance. Viable has been isolated from rabbits. The present review summarizes worldwide information on the seroprevalence, parasitological investigations, clinical cases, isolation, and genetic diversity of in wild rabbits, free domestic rabbits, hares, and other rabbits from 2010 to 2020. Differences in prevalence, susceptibility, genetic variants, and clinical implications of infection in rabbits and hares are discussed. This review will be of interest to biologists, parasitologists, veterinarians, and public health workers. Additional studies are needed to increase our knowledge of genetic variants and the population structure of in rabbits and hares and to understand the differences in susceptibility to in hares in different areas.
弓形虫病是一种分布于全球的人畜共患病，在全世界的人类和动物中感染都很常见。野兔和家兔是重要的小型猎物物种，在许多国家，它们的肉被人类食用。人类对兔肉的消费需求正在增加；因此，兔和野兔的弓形虫病具有流行病学意义。已从兔中分离出活的弓形虫。本综述总结了2010年至2020年全球范围内有关野兔、自由放养的家兔、野兔及其他兔类中弓形虫的血清阳性率、寄生虫学调查、临床病例、分离情况及遗传多样性的信息。讨论了兔和野兔中弓形虫感染在患病率、易感性、基因变异及临床意义方面的差异。本综述将引起生物学家、寄生虫学家、兽医和公共卫生工作者的兴趣。需要进行更多研究，以增加我们对兔和野兔中弓形虫基因变异及种群结构的了解，并了解不同地区野兔对弓形虫易感性的差异。
