Li Pui Fung, McEvoy Mark A, McKiernan Sharmaine, Schofield Peter W, MacDonald-Wicks Lesley K, Patterson Amanda J
Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 11;13(3):909. doi: 10.3390/nu13030909.
There is a lack of evidence to determine if diet quality is associated with cognitive performance in older adults. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether diet quality is associated with cognitive performance among older adults. A cross-sectional, secondary analysis of baseline data from the Hunter Community Study (HCS), comparing diet quality, measured using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS), along with validated cognitive performance instruments the Audio Recorded Cognitive Screen (ARCS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were undertaken in adults aged 55-85 years, living in Newcastle, NSW, Australia. Adjusted linear regression analyses showed that, compared with the lowest ARFS quintile, those in the highest quintile had an ARCS score 5.883 units greater ( < 0.001; R = 0.0098). Furthermore, when quintiles of ARFS score were tested against each ARCS sub-scale score, statistically significant associations were observed with the greatest effect for the Memory (β = 4.055; = 0.001; R = 0.0065) and Attention (β = 4.136; = 0.002; R = 0.0047) domains. No statistically significant associations were observed between quintiles of ARFS and MMSE score in the adjusted linear regression analyses. In conclusion, a positive association was observed between diet quality and cognitive performance within this sample of older Australian adults. Further investigation of the above association over time, when follow-up data becomes available, in longitudinal analysis is recommended.
目前缺乏证据来确定饮食质量是否与老年人的认知表现相关。因此，本研究的目的是检验饮食质量与老年人认知表现之间是否存在关联。对亨特社区研究（HCS）的基线数据进行了横断面二次分析，在澳大利亚新南威尔士州纽卡斯尔市55至85岁的成年人中，使用澳大利亚推荐食物评分（ARFS）衡量饮食质量，并结合经过验证的认知表现工具——录音认知筛查（ARCS）和简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）进行了比较。调整后的线性回归分析表明，与最低ARFS五分位数组相比，最高五分位数组的ARCS得分高5.883分（<0.001；R = 0.0098）。此外，当对ARFS得分的五分位数与每个ARCS子量表得分进行测试时，观察到具有统计学意义的关联，对记忆（β = 4.055； = 0.001；R = 0.0065）和注意力（β = 4.136； = 0.002；R = 0.0047）领域的影响最大。在调整后的线性回归分析中，未观察到ARFS五分位数与MMSE得分之间存在统计学意义的关联。总之，在澳大利亚老年成年人样本中，观察到饮食质量与认知表现之间存在正相关。建议在有随访数据时，在纵向分析中对上述关联进行进一步的长期调查。
