PROSER, Programa de Espiritualidade e Religiosidade, Instituto de Psiquiatra, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-903, Brazil.
School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36038-330, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 11;18(6):2873. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18062873.
Approximately 90% of the world's population is involved in some spiritual/religious practice, and this dimension has a relevant role in life. Many studies demonstrate the associations between spirituality/religiosity (S/R), and physical, mental, and social health. Systematic reviews have indicated positive associations; however, the mechanisms behind religious coping are not fully understood. The present study aimed to examine the role of religious affiliation in general (ordinary) and health-related decisions. A nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Brazil using a self-administered online survey. How much religious affiliation influences decision making was investigated. A total of 1133 participants were included, who were classified as Catholics (43.9%), Evangelicals (18.7%), spiritualists (12.8%), non-religious (11.9%), and others (12.7%). Most participants (66.5%) believed that their religious affiliations had moderate to high influences on their decisions. Participants rated the influence as high in marriage (62.7%), in donations (60.1%), in volunteering (55%), in friendships (53.9%), and in work (50.5%). Concerning health-related decisions, the influence was rated as high in drug use (45.2%), in accepting medical recommendations (45%), and in smoking (43.2%). The influence of religious affiliation on general decision making was significantly correlated for dietary restrictions ( = 0.462), alcohol consumption ( = 0.458), drug use ( = 0.441), tobacco consumption ( = 0.456), and refusal of medical recommendations ( = 0.314). Improving the understanding of how a patient's beliefs, practices, and experiences affect their health may help healthcare practitioners to take into account religious considerations, not only regarding influences on habits but also regarding adherence to medical treatment advice.
大约 90%的世界人口从事某种形式的精神/宗教实践，而这一维度在生活中具有重要作用。许多研究表明精神/宗教信仰（S/R）与身心健康有着密切联系。系统综述表明存在积极关联，但宗教应对机制尚未完全明了。本研究旨在探讨宗教信仰在一般（普通）和与健康相关的决策中的作用。本研究在巴西进行了一项全国性、基于人群的横断面研究，使用在线自我管理问卷调查。研究调查了宗教信仰对决策的影响程度。共纳入 1133 名参与者，他们被分为天主教徒（43.9%）、福音派（18.7%）、灵修者（12.8%）、无宗教信仰者（11.9%）和其他（12.7%）。大多数参与者（66.5%）认为他们的宗教信仰对他们的决策有中等至高度的影响。参与者在婚姻（62.7%）、捐赠（60.1%）、志愿服务（55%）、友谊（53.9%）和工作（50.5%）方面评价影响较高。在与健康相关的决策方面，药物使用（45.2%）、接受医学建议（45%）和吸烟（43.2%）方面的影响评价较高。宗教信仰对一般决策的影响与饮食限制（ = 0.462）、酒精消费（ = 0.458）、药物使用（ = 0.441）、烟草消费（ = 0.456）和拒绝医学建议（ = 0.314）显著相关。了解患者的信仰、实践和经验如何影响他们的健康，可能有助于医疗保健从业者考虑宗教因素，不仅要考虑对习惯的影响，还要考虑对医疗治疗建议的依从性。
