Méndez-Alonso David, Prieto-Saborit Jose Antonio, Bahamonde Jose Ramón, Jiménez-Arberás Estíbaliz
Faculty Padre Ossó, University of Oviedo, 33008 Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 8;18(5):2704. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052704.
The aim of this study was to analyze the psychological variables of runners of ultra-trail mountain races and their association with athletic performance and success. The sample was made up of 356 mountain runners, 86.7% men and 13.2% women, with a mean age of 42.7 years and 5.7 years of experience. Using pre- and post-race questionnaires, data were collected regarding mental toughness, resilience, and passion. The performance of each runner in the race was also recorded. The results showed very high values in the psychological variables analyzed compared with other sports disciplines. Completion of the race (not withdrawing) and the elite quality of the runners were presented as the most relevant indicators in the processes of resilience, mental toughness, and obsessive passion. Differences were noted between the pre- and post-race results, suggesting that the competition itself is a means of training those psychological factors that are essential to this sports discipline. It can be concluded that psychological factors are decisive to athletic performance and race completion in mountain ultra-marathon races.
本研究的目的是分析超级越野山地赛跑步者的心理变量及其与运动成绩和成功的关联。样本由356名山地跑步者组成，其中男性占86.7%，女性占13.2%，平均年龄为42.7岁，跑步经验为5.7年。通过赛前和赛后问卷，收集了有关心理韧性、恢复力和热情的数据。每位跑步者在比赛中的表现也被记录下来。结果显示，与其他体育项目相比，所分析的心理变量值非常高。比赛的完成（未退出）和跑步者的精英素质被视为恢复力、心理韧性和强迫性热情过程中最相关的指标。赛前和赛后结果之间存在差异，这表明比赛本身就是训练对这项运动至关重要的那些心理因素的一种方式。可以得出结论，心理因素对山地超级马拉松比赛的运动成绩和比赛完成起着决定性作用。
