Psychology Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
Shonaquip Social Enterprise, Cape Town 7800, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 6;18(5):2655. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052655.
Appropriate assistive technology has the potential to considerably enhance quality of life, access to health and education, and social and economic participation for people with disabilities. Most disabled people in the world live in low- and middle-income countries where access to assistive devices and other support is severely lacking. There is little evidence that describes contextually relevant approaches to meeting these needs, particularly in African countries. We provide a detailed description of a South African organisation which has manufactured mobility and seating devices for children with disabilities since 1992. The Shonaquip Social Enterprise (SSE) also trains and builds capacity among a wide range of stakeholders (caregivers, health workers, educators, government, and communities) to acknowledge and advocate for the wellbeing of disabled children and adults, and works closely with government to strengthen existing service provisions. Using examples from the SSE, we highlight a number of useful principles to consider when trying to provide for the needs of people with disabilities, particularly in low-resource settings. While access to assistive devices is important, devices have limited capacity to improve participation if the broader environment is overly restrictive and stigmatising. Improved access to devices ought to be situated within a range of broader efforts to increase the inclusion and participation of people with disabilities.
适当的辅助技术有可能极大地提高残疾人的生活质量、获得健康和教育的机会以及参与社会和经济生活的能力。世界上大多数残疾人生活在中低收入国家,这些国家严重缺乏辅助设备和其他支持。几乎没有证据描述满足这些需求的与具体情况相关的方法,特别是在非洲国家。我们详细介绍了一家南非组织,该组织自 1992 年以来一直为残疾儿童制造移动和座椅设备。Shonaquip 社会企业 (SSE) 还培训和增强了广泛利益相关者(照顾者、卫生工作者、教育工作者、政府和社区)的能力,以承认和倡导残疾儿童和成人的福祉,并与政府密切合作,加强现有服务提供。我们用 SSE 的例子强调了在努力满足残疾人需求时需要考虑的一些有用原则,特别是在资源有限的环境中。虽然获得辅助设备很重要,但如果更广泛的环境过于限制和污名化,设备改善参与的能力将受到限制。应当将获得设备的机会纳入一系列更广泛的努力之中,以增加残疾人的包容性和参与度。