Calabrese Mariaconsiglia, Garofano Marina, Palumbo Roberta, Di Pietro Paola, Izzo Carmine, Damato Antonio, Venturini Eleonora, Iesu Severino, Virtuoso Nicola, Strianese Andrea, Ciccarelli Michele, Galasso Gennaro, Vecchione Carmine
Rehabilitation Department, A.O.U. "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84125 Salerno, Italy.
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende 43, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2021 Mar 21;11(3):259. doi: 10.3390/life11030259.
Recent scientific literature has investigated the cardiovascular implications of COVID-19. The mechanisms of cardiovascular damage seem to involve the protein angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), to which severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) binds to penetrate cells and other mechanisms, most of which are still under study. Cardiovascular sequelae of COVID-19 include heart failure, cardiomyopathy, acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmias, and venous thromboembolism. This article aims to collect scientific evidence by exploiting PubMed, Scopus, and Pedro databases to highlight the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 and to define the physiotherapy treatment recommended for these patients. Exercise training (ET), an important part of cardiac rehabilitation, is a powerful tool in physiotherapy, capable of inducing significant changes in the cardiovascular system and functional in the recovery of endothelial dysfunction and for the containment of thromboembolic complications. In conclusion, due to the wide variety of possible exercise programs that can be obtained by combining intensity, duration, and speed in various ways, and by adjusting the program based on continuous patient monitoring, exercise training is well suited to the treatment of post-COVID patients with an impaired cardiovascular system of various degrees.
近期的科学文献对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的心血管影响进行了研究。心血管损伤的机制似乎涉及血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2），严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）冠状病毒2（CoV-2）可与其结合以侵入细胞，还涉及其他机制，其中大多数仍在研究中。COVID-19的心血管后遗症包括心力衰竭、心肌病、急性冠状动脉综合征、心律失常和静脉血栓栓塞。本文旨在通过利用PubMed、Scopus和Pedro数据库收集科学证据，以突出COVID-19的心血管并发症，并确定针对这些患者推荐的物理治疗方法。运动训练（ET）作为心脏康复的重要组成部分，是物理治疗中的一种有力工具，能够引起心血管系统的显著变化，对内皮功能障碍的恢复以及控制血栓栓塞并发症具有作用。总之，由于通过以各种方式组合强度、持续时间和速度，并基于对患者的持续监测来调整方案，可以获得各种各样的运动方案，运动训练非常适合治疗心血管系统有不同程度受损的COVID-19康复患者。
