Sharma Lilianna, Siedlewicz Grzegorz, Pazdro Ksenia
Department of Marine Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 81-712 Sopot, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Mar 21;10(3):591. doi: 10.3390/plants10030591.
Antibiotic residues have been commonly detected worldwide in freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecosystems. The review summarizes the up-to-date information about the toxic effects of over 60 antibiotics on nontarget autotrophic microorganisms with a particular focus on marine microalgae. A comprehensive overview of the available reports led to the identification of significant knowledge gaps. The data on just one species of freshwater green algae () constitute 60% of the total information on the toxicity of antibiotics, while data on marine species account for less than 14% of the reports. Moreover, there is a clear knowledge gap regarding the chronic effects of antibiotic exposure (only 9% of studies represent exposition time values longer than 7 days). The review summarizes the information on different physiological endpoints, including processes involved in photosynthesis, photoprotective and antioxidant mechanisms. Currently, the hazard assessment is mostly based on the results of the evaluation of individual chemicals and acute toxicity tests of freshwater organisms. Future research trends should involve chronic effect studies incorporating sensitive endpoints with the application of environmentally relevant concentrations, as well as studies on the mixture effects and combined environmental factors influencing toxicity.
抗生素残留已在全球范围内的淡水、河口和海洋生态系统中被普遍检测到。本综述总结了60多种抗生素对非靶标自养微生物的毒性影响的最新信息，特别关注海洋微藻。对现有报告的全面概述揭示了显著的知识空白。仅一种淡水绿藻（）的数据就占抗生素毒性总信息的60%，而海洋物种的数据仅占报告的不到14%。此外，关于抗生素暴露的慢性影响存在明显的知识空白（只有9%的研究表示暴露时间值超过7天）。本综述总结了不同生理终点的信息，包括光合作用、光保护和抗氧化机制所涉及的过程。目前，危害评估主要基于对单一化学品的评估结果和淡水生物的急性毒性测试。未来的研究趋势应包括采用环境相关浓度并结合敏感终点的慢性影响研究，以及关于混合物效应和影响毒性的综合环境因素的研究。
