Sánchez-Nieto Juan Miguel, Fernández-Muñoz Irene, Carrillo-Alcaraz Andrés, Bernabeu-Mora Roberto
Division of Pneumology, Morales Meseguer General University Hospital, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
Institute for Bio-Health Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2021 Mar 2;10(5):1010. doi: 10.3390/jcm10051010.
Muscle training, a component of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), improves the physical performance of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite the existing evidence, the traditional center-based PR model is applied to a small percentage of patients and presents numerous problems of accessibility, adherence, and costs. This study presents a home model of simple muscle training, non-presential, monitored by telephone and individualized, according to the severity of the COPD. In addition, to evaluate the results, simple tests associated with the physical performance of the lower limbs, previously validated in COPD, have been used, such as the four-meter walk, speed test (4MGS) and the five-repetition test sitting and standing (5STS). The objective was to evaluate whether the Individualized Non-Presential Exercise Training PrOgram (NIETO) induces improvements in the 4MGS, 5STS and quadriceps muscle strength (QMS) tests in outpatients with advanced COPD (FEV1 ≤ 50%). After one year, the QMS was significantly higher in the intervention group (IG) than in the control group (CG) (2.44 ± 4.07 vs. 0.05 ± 4.26 kg; = 0.009). The 4MGS and 5STS tests were significantly shorter in IG than in CG (-0.39 ± 0.86 vs. 0.37 ± 0.96 s; = 0.001) and (-1.55 ± 2.83 vs. 0.60 ± 2.06 s; = 0.001), respectively. A home model of simple muscle training monitored by telephone such as NIETO, can improve 4MGS, 5STS, and quadriceps strength tests in outpatients with advanced COPD.
肌肉训练作为肺康复（PR）的一个组成部分，可改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的身体机能。尽管已有相关证据，但传统的基于中心的肺康复模式仅适用于一小部分患者，且存在诸多可及性、依从性和成本方面的问题。本研究提出了一种简单的居家肌肉训练模式，该模式无需亲临现场，通过电话进行监测，并根据COPD的严重程度进行个性化设置。此外，为评估结果，采用了先前在COPD患者中验证过的与下肢身体机能相关的简单测试，如四米步行速度测试（4MGS）和坐立五次测试（5STS）。目的是评估个体化非亲临现场运动训练计划（NIETO）是否能使晚期COPD（FEV1≤50%）门诊患者的4MGS、5STS和股四头肌力量（QMS）测试得到改善。一年后，干预组（IG）的QMS显著高于对照组（CG）（2.44±4.07 vs. 0.05±4.26 kg；P = 0.009）。IG组的4MGS和5STS测试时间分别显著短于CG组（-0.39±0.86 vs. 0.37±0.96秒；P = 0.001）和（-1.55±2.83 vs. 0.60±2.06秒；P = 0.001）。像NIETO这样通过电话监测的简单居家肌肉训练模式，可以改善晚期COPD门诊患者的4MGS、5STS和股四头肌力量测试。
