Biotherapeutics Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, UK.
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Biomolecules. 2021 Mar 10;11(3):407. doi: 10.3390/biom11030407.
The antigenic variability of influenza presents many challenges to the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutics. However, it is apparent that there are epitopes on the virus that have evolved to remain largely constant due to their functional importance. These more conserved regions are often hidden and difficult to access by the human immune system but recent efforts have shown that these may be the Achilles heel of the virus through development and delivery of appropriate biological drugs. Amongst these, single domain antibodies (sdAbs) are equipped to target these vulnerabilities of the influenza virus due to their preference for concave epitopes on protein surfaces, their small size, flexible reformatting and high stability. Single domain antibodies are well placed to provide a new generation of robust analytical reagents and therapeutics to support the constant efforts to keep influenza in check.
流感的抗原变异性给疫苗和免疫疗法的发展带来了诸多挑战。然而，显然病毒表面存在一些由于其功能重要性而进化为基本保持不变的表位。这些更保守的区域通常是隐藏的，难以被人体免疫系统所识别，但最近的研究表明，通过开发和提供适当的生物药物，这些区域可能是病毒的致命弱点。在这些方法中，单域抗体（sdAbs）由于其对蛋白质表面凹形表位的偏好、体积小、可灵活改造以及高稳定性，有能力针对流感病毒的这些弱点进行靶向治疗。单域抗体非常适合提供新一代强大的分析试剂和治疗药物，以支持不断努力控制流感。
