Galan-Lopez Pablo, Domínguez Raúl, Gísladóttir Thordis, Sánchez-Oliver Antonio J, Pihu Maret, Ries Francis, Klonizakis Markos
Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Dos Hermanas (Sevilla), Spain.
Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla (Sevilla), Spain.
Children (Basel). 2021 Mar 3;8(3):188. doi: 10.3390/children8030188.
Sleep is a vital element of adolescents' overall health; it influences their body and mind and thus affects their quality of life. Adequate sleep quality and duration are essential for maintaining optimal metabolic health and lowering the risk of developing several medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease. The current study aimed to assess the perceived sleep quality and duration of 1717 European adolescents from three different European countries (Spain, Iceland and Estonia) aged 13- to 16-years (900 boys, 817 girls) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed to examine differences between groups and two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze city and age differences. The probability of having poor sleep quality and duration was calculated by Odd-Ratio (OR). Our study found poor sleep quality in 44% of the boys and 53% of the girls, whereas 68% and 69%, respectively did not get the recommended hours of sleep (i.e., 8-10 h). No difference was found between adolescents from Estonia, Iceland and Spain regarding sleep duration. In contrast, Spanish and Estonian adolescents reported higher probabilities of having poor sleep quality. Finally, girls had a significantly higher probability of poor sleep quality than boys.
睡眠是青少年整体健康的重要组成部分；它影响青少年的身心，进而影响他们的生活质量。充足的睡眠质量和时长对于维持最佳代谢健康以及降低患多种疾病（如心血管疾病）的风险至关重要。本研究旨在使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估来自三个不同欧洲国家（西班牙、冰岛和爱沙尼亚）的1717名13至16岁欧洲青少年（900名男孩，817名女孩）的睡眠质量感知和时长。进行了多变量方差分析（MANOVA）以检验组间差异，并使用双因素方差分析（ANOVA）来分析城市和年龄差异。通过比值比（OR）计算睡眠质量和时长较差的概率。我们的研究发现，44%的男孩和53%的女孩睡眠质量较差，而分别有68%和69%的青少年未达到建议的睡眠时间（即8至10小时）。爱沙尼亚、冰岛和西班牙的青少年在睡眠时间方面未发现差异。相比之下，西班牙和爱沙尼亚的青少年报告睡眠质量较差的概率更高。最后，女孩睡眠质量较差的概率显著高于男孩。
