Bezirtzoglou Eugenia, Stavropoulou Elisavet, Kantartzi Konstantina, Tsigalou Christina, Voidarou Chrysa, Mitropoulou Gregoria, Prapa Ioanna, Santarmaki Valentini, Kompoura Vasiliki, Yanni Amalia E, Antoniadou Maria, Varzakas Theodoros, Kourkoutas Yiannis
Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 3;9(3):516. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030516.
Over the last decades, the incidence of diabetes has increased in developed countries and beyond the genetic impact, environmental factors, which can trigger the activation of the gut immune system, seem to affect the induction of the disease process. Since the composition of the gut microbiome might disturb the normal interaction with the immune system and contribute to altered immune responses, the restoration of normal microbiota composition constitutes a new target for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Thus, the interaction of gut microbiome and diabetes, focusing on mechanisms connecting gut microbiota with the occurrence of the disorder, is discussed in the present review. Finally, the challenge of functional food diet on maintaining intestinal health and microbial flora diversity and functionality, as a potential tool for the onset inhibition and management of the disease, is highlighted by reporting key animal studies and clinical trials. Early onset of the disease in the oral cavity is an important factor for the incorporation of a functional food diet in daily routine.
在过去几十年中，糖尿病的发病率在发达国家有所上升，除了遗传影响外，可能触发肠道免疫系统激活的环境因素似乎也会影响疾病进程的诱发。由于肠道微生物群的组成可能会干扰与免疫系统的正常相互作用，并导致免疫反应改变，恢复正常的微生物群组成成为预防和治疗糖尿病的新靶点。因此，本综述讨论了肠道微生物群与糖尿病的相互作用，重点关注肠道微生物群与该疾病发生之间的联系机制。最后，通过报道关键的动物研究和临床试验，强调了功能性食品饮食在维持肠道健康以及微生物菌群多样性和功能方面的挑战，这是一种抑制疾病发作和管理疾病的潜在工具。口腔中疾病的早期发作是将功能性食品饮食纳入日常生活的一个重要因素。
