Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 18;18(6):3127. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063127.
In the United States, overweight/obesity is more prevalent among those with low-income; higher income is related to greater leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), which are inversely related to overweight/obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the role of LTPA and SB simultaneously in the income-overweight/obesity relationship. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2014) were utilized ( = 10,348 non-older adults (aged 20-59 years)). A multiple mediator structural equation model was conducted to evaluate the indirect effects from income to overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m) through LTPA and SB simultaneously, controlling for confounding variables, including diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. As expected, greater income was negatively associated with overweight/obesity. Income indirectly influenced overweight/obesity through LTPA (Indirect effect: B = -0.005; CI = -0.01, -0.003), and through SB (Indirect effect: B = 0.008; CI = 0.005, 0.01), in opposing directions. The direct effect from income to overweight/obesity remained statistically significant. LTPA partially accounted for the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity; SB reduced the strength of the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity. Targeted behavior approaches for weight management may be beneficial. Increasing LTPA among adults with lower income and decreasing SB among adults with higher income may provide some overweight/obesity protection.
在美国，低收入人群中超重/肥胖更为普遍；较高的收入与更多的闲暇时间体力活动（LTPA）和久坐行为（SB）有关，而 LTPA 和 SB 与超重/肥胖呈负相关。本研究旨在同时评估 LTPA 和 SB 在收入与超重/肥胖关系中的作用。利用国家健康和营养检查调查（2007-2014 年）的横断面数据（=10348 名非老年成年人（年龄 20-59 岁））。采用多中介结构方程模型评估收入通过 LTPA 和 SB 同时对超重/肥胖（BMI≥25kg/m）的间接影响，同时控制混杂变量，包括饮食、吸烟和饮酒。正如预期的那样，较高的收入与超重/肥胖呈负相关。收入通过 LTPA（间接效应：B=-0.005；CI=-0.01，-0.003）和 SB（间接效应：B=0.008；CI=0.005，0.01）间接影响超重/肥胖，方向相反。收入与超重/肥胖之间的直接效应仍然具有统计学意义。LTPA 部分解释了收入与超重/肥胖之间的负相关关系；SB 降低了收入与超重/肥胖之间负相关关系的强度。针对体重管理的行为方法可能是有益的。增加低收入成年人的 LTPA 和减少高收入成年人的 SB 可能会提供一些超重/肥胖保护。
