Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK,
Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 2016 Apr;66(3):185-92. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqv164.
Physical activity reduces the risk of morbidity and high sedentary time may be associated with negative health outcomes. The workplace offers an arena to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary time, but existing workplace-based interventions have typically yielded small effects.
To collate the literature on correlates of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour and to inform future novel approaches to workplace-based intervention or policy.
Systematic literature searches were conducted in December 2014 using multiple databases. Identified papers were screened against an inclusion criterion. Papers were deemed eligible for this review if they included occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour as an outcome, were quantitative observational studies and included an adult working population. Identified correlates of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour were organized into levels of the socioecological model.
Forty studies met the inclusion criterion. A higher number of studies included only occupational physical activity, not sedentary time, as an outcome and were carried out in the USA and Australia. The review identified that white-collar workers are at greater risk of low occupational physical activity and high sedentary time. The majority of correlates found to be associated with occupational physical activity and sedentary time were intrapersonal and non-modifiable.
Intervention efforts to increase occupational physical activity and reduce sedentary time may be most effective when targeted at white-collar workers. Research is needed to identify additional modifiable correlates of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour, in white-collar workers.
身体活动可降低发病风险，而长时间久坐可能与健康不良结局有关。工作场所为促进身体活动和减少久坐时间提供了一个平台，但现有的基于工作场所的干预措施通常收效甚微。
整理与职业体力活动和久坐行为相关的文献，并为未来基于工作场所的干预或政策提供新的方法。
2014 年 12 月，我们使用多个数据库进行了系统文献检索。根据纳入标准筛选出已识别的论文。如果论文将职业体力活动和久坐行为作为结果，且为定量观察性研究并纳入成年工作人群，则被认为符合本综述的纳入标准。将职业体力活动和久坐行为的相关因素组织到社会生态学模型的各个层面。
有 40 项研究符合纳入标准。更多的研究仅将职业体力活动而不是久坐时间作为结果，且这些研究均在美国和澳大利亚进行。本综述发现，白领工作者从事低水平职业体力活动和长时间久坐的风险更高。与职业体力活动和久坐时间相关的大多数相关因素都是内在的和不可改变的。
针对白领工作者，增加职业体力活动和减少久坐时间的干预措施可能最有效。需要研究来确定白领工作者中与职业体力活动和久坐行为相关的其他可改变的相关因素。
