Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
Cells. 2021 Mar 15;10(3):648. doi: 10.3390/cells10030648.
Current staging systems of cancer are mainly based on the anatomical extent of disease. They need refinement by biological parameters to improve stratification of patients for tumor therapy or surveillance strategies. Thanks to developments in genomic, transcriptomic, and big-data technologies, we are now able to explore molecular characteristics of tumors in detail and determine their clinical relevance. This has led to numerous prognostic and predictive gene expression signatures that have the potential to establish a classification of tumor subgroups by biological determinants. However, only a few gene signatures have reached the stage of clinical implementation so far. In this review article, we summarize the current status, and present and future challenges of prognostic gene signatures in three relevant cancer entities: breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
目前的癌症分期系统主要基于疾病的解剖范围。为了改进肿瘤治疗或监测策略中患者的分层，需要通过生物学参数进行细化。得益于基因组学、转录组学和大数据技术的发展，我们现在能够详细探索肿瘤的分子特征，并确定其临床相关性。这导致了许多预后和预测基因表达特征，有可能通过生物学决定因素建立肿瘤亚组的分类。然而，到目前为止，只有少数基因特征已经达到临床实施的阶段。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了预后基因特征在乳腺癌、结直肠癌和肝细胞癌这三种相关癌症实体中的现状、当前和未来的挑战。
