College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 4;18(5):2528. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052528.
Accurate monitoring of grassland vegetation dynamics is essential for ecosystem restoration and the implementation of integrated management policies. A lack of information on vegetation changes in the Wulagai River Basin restricts regional development. Therefore, in this study, we integrated remote sensing, meteorological, and field plant community survey data in order to characterize vegetation and ecosystem changes from 1997 to 2018. The residual trend (RESTREND) method was utilized to detect vegetation changes caused by human factors, as well as to evaluate the impact of the management of pastures. Our results reveal that the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of each examined ecosystem type showed an increasing trend, in which anthropogenic impact was the primary driving force of vegetation change. Our field survey confirmed that the meadow steppe ecosystem increased in species diversity and aboveground biomass; however, the typical steppe and riparian wet meadow ecosystems experienced species diversity and biomass degradation, therefore suggesting that an increase in NDVI may not directly reflect ecosystem improvement. Selecting an optimal indicator or indicator system is necessary in order to formulate reasonable grassland management policies for increasing the sustainability of grassland ecosystems.
准确监测草原植被动态对于生态系统恢复和综合管理政策的实施至关重要。由于缺乏有关沃尔加河流域植被变化的信息，限制了该地区的发展。因此，在本研究中，我们整合了遥感、气象和实地植物群落调查数据，以描述 1997 年至 2018 年期间的植被和生态系统变化。利用剩余趋势（RESTREND）方法检测由人为因素引起的植被变化，并评估过去牧场管理的影响。研究结果表明，每种检查的生态系统类型的归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）均呈上升趋势，其中人为影响是植被变化的主要驱动力。实地调查证实，草甸草原生态系统的物种多样性和地上生物量增加；然而，典型草原和河岸湿地草原生态系统的物种多样性和生物量下降，这表明 NDVI 的增加并不一定直接反映生态系统的改善。有必要选择最佳指标或指标体系，以便制定合理的草原管理政策，提高草原生态系统的可持续性。
