Ramírez-Álvarez Diego, Napolitano Constanza, Salgado Iván
Unidad de Vida Silvestre, Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero (SAG), Región de O'Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile.
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5312435, Chile.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 31;11(4):965. doi: 10.3390/ani11040965.
The wildland-urban interface lies at the confluence of human-dominated and wild landscapes-creating a number of management and conservation challenges. Wildlife sightings near human settlements have appeared to increase in the last years. This article reports 51 records of presences, sightings, and livestock attacks of , a large-sized felid, collected from 2012 to 2020 across the O'Higgins region in central Chile. Puma records were concentrated in the east of the region in the Andes Range and foothills (90%). The number of puma records is higher in the last four to six years than in previously studied years. Of the 51 records, 23.5% are between 0 and 999 m from the nearest human settlement (classified as very close), 25.5% are between 1000 and 4999 m (moderately close), and 51% are over 5000 m (distant). Most of the sightings are recorded in the summer (35%) and spring (29%). We identify an area of approximately 9000 km of suitable habitat as the most probable corridor effectively connecting pumas moving between eastern and western areas, encompassing the Angostura de Paine mountain range. Our results contribute to the understanding of the presence and movements of near urban areas and human settlements, confirming their persistence in and adaptation to human-dominated landscapes. We also provide insights into human-carnivore coexistence in the current global context in the densely populated central Chile.
城乡交错带位于人类主导景观与野生景观的交汇处，带来了一系列管理和保护挑战。近年来，在人类住区附近目击到野生动物的情况似乎有所增加。本文报告了2012年至2020年期间在智利中部奥希金斯地区收集到的51条关于大型猫科动物美洲狮的出现、目击及家畜袭击记录。美洲狮记录集中在该地区东部的安第斯山脉及其山麓（占90%）。过去四到六年的美洲狮记录数量比之前研究的年份更高。在这51条记录中，23.5%距离最近人类住区0至999米（分类为非常近），25.5%在1000至4999米之间（中等距离），51%超过5000米（远距离）。大多数目击记录发生在夏季（35%）和春季（29%）。我们确定了一个面积约9000平方千米的适宜栖息地，作为最有可能有效连接在东部和西部区域之间活动的美洲狮的走廊，该区域涵盖了佩内恩山口山脉。我们的研究结果有助于了解美洲狮在城市地区和人类住区附近的存在及活动情况，证实它们在人类主导景观中的持续存在和适应能力。我们还为智利中部人口密集地区当前全球背景下的人类与食肉动物共存提供了见解。
