Sporns Peter B, Psychogios Marios-Nikos, Boulouis Grégoire, Charidimou Andreas, Li Qi, Fainardi Enrico, Dowlatshahi Dar, Goldstein Joshua N, Morotti Andrea
Department of Neuroradiology, Clinic for Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2021 Mar 5;10(5):1086. doi: 10.3390/jcm10051086.
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10% to 20% of all strokes worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Neuroimaging is clinically important for the rapid diagnosis of ICH and underlying etiologies, but also for identification of ICH expansion, often as-sociated with an increased risk for poor outcome. In this context, rapid assessment of early hema-toma expansion risk is both an opportunity for therapeutic intervention and a potential hazard for hematoma evacuation surgery. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature surrounding the use of multimodal neuroimaging of ICH for etiological diagnosis, prediction of early hematoma expansion, and prognostication of neurological outcome. Specifically, we discuss standard imaging using computed tomography, the value of different vascular imaging modalities to identify underlying causes and present recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography perfusion.
脑出血（ICH）占全球所有中风的10%至20%，并与高发病率和死亡率相关。神经影像学在临床上对于脑出血及其潜在病因的快速诊断很重要，而且对于识别脑出血扩大也很重要，脑出血扩大通常与不良预后风险增加有关。在这种情况下，快速评估早期血肿扩大风险既是治疗干预的机会，也是血肿清除手术的潜在风险。在这篇综述中，我们概述了围绕脑出血多模态神经影像学用于病因诊断、早期血肿扩大预测以及神经功能预后评估的当前文献。具体而言，我们讨论了使用计算机断层扫描的标准成像、不同血管成像模式在识别潜在病因方面的价值，并介绍了磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描灌注的最新进展。
