School of Hospitality, Culinary Arts and Meal Science, Örebro University, 712 02 Grythyttan, Sweden.
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Studies, Uppsala University, 751 22 Uppsala, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 5;18(5):2632. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052632.
This scoping review focuses on the assessment of commensality in research and attempts to identify used methods for performing research on commensality. It reflects a multidisciplinary research field and draws on findings from Web of Science Core Collection, up to April 2019. The empirical material consisted of 61 studies, whereof most were qualitative research, and some were of quantitative character, including very few dietary surveys. The findings show nine papers categorized as using quantitative approaches, 52 papers were categorized as qualitative. The results show a wide variety of different ways to try to find and understand how commensality can be understood and identified. There seems to be a shift in the very concept of commensality as well as some variations around the concept. This paper argues the need to further investigate the importance of commensality for health and wellbeing, as well as the need to gather data on health and health-related behaviors, living conditions and sociodemographic data in parallel. The review shows the broad-ranging areas where commensality is researched, from cultural and historical areas to ethnographic or anthropological areas over to dietary assessment. To complement large dietary surveys with methods of assessing who you are eating with in what environment should be a simple way to further our knowledge on the circumstances of meal intake and the importance of commensality. To add 24-h dietary recall to any study of commensality is another way of identifying the importance of commensality for dietary quality. The use of mixed methods research was encouraged by several authors as a good way forward in the assessment of commensality and its importance.
本范围综述侧重于评估共餐行为在研究中的应用，并试图确定研究共餐行为的常用方法。它反映了一个多学科的研究领域，借鉴了截至 2019 年 4 月的 Web of Science 核心合集的研究成果。实证材料由 61 项研究组成，其中大部分为定性研究，还有一些为定量研究，包括极少数饮食调查。研究结果显示，有 9 篇论文归类为使用定量方法，52 篇论文归类为定性方法。研究结果表明，有各种各样的不同方法试图发现和理解共餐行为是如何被理解和识别的。共餐行为的概念似乎发生了转变，并且围绕这一概念也存在一些变化。本文认为，有必要进一步研究共餐行为对健康和幸福的重要性，同时还需要平行收集有关健康和与健康相关行为、生活条件和社会人口数据的信息。综述表明，共餐行为的研究领域非常广泛，从文化和历史领域到民族志或人类学领域，再到饮食评估。用评估与谁在什么环境中一起用餐的方法来补充大型饮食调查，应该是进一步了解膳食摄入情况和共餐行为重要性的简单方法。将 24 小时饮食回忆添加到任何共餐行为研究中，也是确定共餐行为对饮食质量重要性的另一种方法。几位作者鼓励使用混合方法研究，作为评估共餐行为及其重要性的一种良好方法。
