Institute on Community Inclusion and Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 19;18(6):3175. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063175.
People with intellectual disability (ID) and extensive support needs experience poorer quality of life than their peers whose disability is not as severe. Many of them live in residential settings that limit community participation and prevent them from exercising control over their lives. This work analyzes the extent to which professional practices are aimed at promoting the right to community living for people with ID and extensive support needs, as well as the rights that are particularly linked to it, such as the right to habilitation and rehabilitation and the right to privacy. A specific questionnaire was designed and administered to 729 adults with intellectual disability ( = 37.05; = 12.79) living in different settings (family home, residential facilities and group homes). Measurement and structural models were estimated using exploratory structural equation modeling. Results obtained reveal that people with extensive support needs receive less support in terms of guaranteeing their right to independent living and privacy, especially when they live in disability-related services. This study highlights the need to implement and monitor, using valid and reliable indicators, mesosystem strategies that guarantee the right to live and participate in the community, especially for individuals with ID and extensive support needs.
智力残疾（ID）且有广泛支持需求的人比残疾程度较轻的同龄人生活质量差。他们中的许多人生活在限制社区参与并阻止他们控制自己生活的居住环境中。这项工作分析了专业实践在多大程度上旨在促进智力残疾和广泛支持需求的人享有社区生活的权利，以及与该权利特别相关的权利，如康复和康复权利以及隐私权。专门设计并向 729 名不同环境（家庭住宅、住宿设施和集体住宅）中生活的成年智力残疾者（=37.05；=12.79）发放了特定问卷。使用探索性结构方程模型估计了测量和结构模型。得出的结果表明，有广泛支持需求的人在保障其独立生活和隐私的权利方面得到的支持较少，尤其是当他们居住在与残疾相关的服务机构中时。这项研究强调需要实施和监测使用有效和可靠的指标，以保障享有社区生活和参与社区的中观系统策略，特别是对于有智力残疾和广泛支持需求的人。
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