Lawrence J C, Xabregas A, Gray L, Ham J M
Br J Surg. 1977 Nov;64(11):777-80. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800641106.
Two double-blind controlled clinical trials of the effectiveness of prophylactic low dose subcutaneous calcium heparin (dose based on body weight) in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have been completed. The first was concerned with upper abdominal operations in 242 patients over 21 years of age, and the second with 50 patients presenting with a fracture of the neck of the femur. There was no increase in the incidence of bleeding or wound complications in the patients given heparin. In each trial, the incidence of DVT as diagnosed by 125I-labelled fibrinogen was significantly reduced in the treated group. The incidence of DVT in the control groups varied significantly during the period of the trials. The incidence was much higher in the cold half of the year than in the hot months. In the first trial, this variation in incidence was directly correlated with the average temperature and the diurnal variation in temperature in the perioperative period. These results may help to explain the considerable variation in the incidence of postoperative DVT reported from various parts of the world, and also from within Australia.
两项关于预防性小剂量皮下注射钙肝素（剂量基于体重）预防深静脉血栓形成（DVT）有效性的双盲对照临床试验已经完成。第一项试验涉及242名21岁以上接受上腹部手术的患者，第二项试验涉及50名股骨颈骨折患者。接受肝素治疗的患者出血或伤口并发症的发生率没有增加。在每项试验中，经125I标记纤维蛋白原诊断的DVT发生率在治疗组中显著降低。在试验期间，对照组的DVT发生率差异很大。一年中寒冷的半年发生率远高于炎热月份。在第一项试验中，这种发生率的变化与围手术期的平均温度和昼夜温度变化直接相关。这些结果可能有助于解释世界各地以及澳大利亚国内报道的术后DVT发生率的显著差异。
