Department of Environmental Health, Tshwane University of Technology, Staatsartillerie Road, Pretoria West, P/Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Mar 12;13(3):207. doi: 10.3390/toxins13030207.
Most conventional water treatment plants are not sufficiently equipped to treat both intracellular and extracellular Microcystins in drinking water. However, the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite in removing Microcystin in containers at the point-of-use is not yet known. This study aimed to assess point-of-use water container treatment using bleach or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and to assess the health problems associated with microcystins. Thirty-nine percent (29 of 74) of the total selected households were randomly selected to receive and treat their stored container water with sodium hypochlorite. The level of microcystin in the container water was measured after 30 min of contact with sodium hypochlorite. Microcystin concentrations in both the blooming and decaying seasons were higher (mean 1.10, 95% CI 0.46-1.67 µg/L and mean 1.14, 95% CI 0.65-1.63 µg/L, respectively) than the acceptable limit of 1 µg/L in households that did not treat their water with NaOCl, whilst in those that did, there was a significant reduction in the microcystin concentration (mean 0.07, 95% CI 0.00-0.16 µg/L and mean 0.18, 95% CI 0.00-0.45 µg/L). In conclusion, sodium hypochlorite treatment decreased microcystin s to an acceptable level and reduced the related health problems.
大多数传统的水处理厂都没有足够的设备来处理饮用水中的细胞内和细胞外微囊藻毒素。然而，次氯酸钠在使用点去除容器中微囊藻毒素的有效性尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估使用漂白剂或次氯酸钠（NaOCl）进行使用点水容器处理，并评估与微囊藻毒素相关的健康问题。从总共选择的 74 户家庭中随机选择 39%（29 户）接受并使用次氯酸钠处理他们储存的容器水。在与次氯酸钠接触 30 分钟后，测量容器水中的微囊藻毒素水平。在开花和腐烂季节，未用 NaOCl 处理水的家庭中，容器水中的微囊藻毒素浓度较高（平均值分别为 1.10，95%CI 0.46-1.67μg/L 和 1.14，95%CI 0.65-1.63μg/L），高于 1μg/L 的可接受限值，而在使用 NaOCl 处理水的家庭中，微囊藻毒素浓度显著降低（平均值分别为 0.07，95%CI 0.00-0.16μg/L 和 0.18，95%CI 0.00-0.45μg/L）。总之，次氯酸钠处理将微囊藻毒素降低到可接受的水平，并减少了相关的健康问题。
