Kopańska Marta, Banaś-Ząbczyk Agnieszka, Łagowska Anna, Kuduk Barbara, Szczygielski Jacek
Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 Mar 22;10(6):1300. doi: 10.3390/jcm10061300.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is able to cause abnormalities in the functioning of the nervous system and induce neurological symptoms with the features of encephalopathy, disturbances of consciousness and concentration and a reduced ability to sense taste and smell as well as headaches. One of the methods of detecting these types of changes in COVID-19 patients is an electroencephalogram (EEG) test, which allows information to be obtained about the functioning of the brain as well as diagnosing diseases and predicting their consequences. The aim of the study was to review the latest research on changes in EEG in patients with COVID-19 as a basis for further quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) diagnostics and EEG neurofeedback training. Description of the state of knowledge: Based on the available scientific literature using the PubMed database from 2020 and early 2021 regarding changes in the EEG records in patients with COVID-19, 17 publications were included in the analysis. In patients who underwent an EEG test, changes in the frontal area were observed. A few patients were not found to be responsive to external stimuli. Additionally, a previously non-emerging, uncommon pattern in the form of continuous, slightly asymmetric, monomorphic, biphasic and slow delta waves occurred.
The results of this analysis clearly indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 virus causes changes in the nervous system that can be manifested and detected in the EEG record. The small number of available articles, the small number of research groups and the lack of control groups suggest the need for further research regarding the short and long term neurological effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the need for unquestionable confirmation that observed changes were caused by the virus per se and did not occur before. The presented studies described non-specific patterns appearing in encephalograms in patients with COVID-19. These observations are the basis for more accurate QEEG diagnostics and EEG neurofeedback training.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）能够导致神经系统功能异常，并引发具有脑病特征、意识和注意力障碍、味觉和嗅觉感知能力下降以及头痛等症状的神经症状。检测新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）患者这类变化的方法之一是脑电图（EEG）测试，该测试能够获取有关大脑功能的信息，还能用于疾病诊断及预测其后果。本研究的目的是回顾关于COVID-19患者脑电图变化的最新研究，为进一步的定量脑电图（QEEG）诊断和脑电图神经反馈训练提供依据。知识现状描述：基于2020年至2021年初使用PubMed数据库获取的关于COVID-19患者脑电图记录变化的现有科学文献，分析纳入了17篇出版物。接受脑电图测试的患者中，观察到额叶区域有变化。少数患者对外界刺激无反应。此外，还出现了一种以前未出现过的、不常见的模式，表现为连续、轻度不对称、单形、双相且缓慢的δ波。
该分析结果清楚地表明，SARS-CoV-2病毒会导致神经系统变化，这些变化可在脑电图记录中显现和检测到。现有文章数量少、研究小组数量少且缺乏对照组，这表明需要进一步研究SARS-CoV-2病毒的短期和长期神经影响，以及需要明确证实观察到的变化是由病毒本身引起的，而非之前就已出现。所呈现的研究描述了COVID-19患者脑电图中出现的非特异性模式。这些观察结果是进行更准确的QEEG诊断和脑电图神经反馈训练的基础。
