State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021 Sep;68(5):2787-2794. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14095. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
African swine fever (ASF) is a severe haemorrhagic disease of domestic and wild pigs caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). In recent years, ASF has steadily spread towards new geographical areas, reaching Europe and Asia. On January 15th, 2019, Mongolia reported its first ASF outbreak to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), becoming, after China, the second country in the region affected by the disease. Following an event of unusual mortality in domestic pigs in Bulgan Province, a field team visited four farms and a meat market in the region to conduct an outbreak investigation and collect samples for laboratory analysis. Different organs were examined for ASF associated lesions, and total nucleic acid was extracted for real-time PCR, virus isolation and molecular characterization. The real-time PCR results confirmed ASFV DNA in 10 out of 10 samples and ASFV was isolated. Phylogenetic analysis established that ASFVs from Mongolia belong to genotype II and serogroup 8. The viruses were identical to each other, and to domestic pig isolates identified in China and Russia, based on the comparison of five genomic targets. Our results suggest a cross-border spread of ASFV, without indicating the source of infection.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是由非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）引起的家猪和野猪的一种严重出血性疾病。近年来，ASF 稳步向新的地理区域传播，已到达欧洲和亚洲。2019 年 1 月 15 日，蒙古向世界动物卫生组织（OIE）报告了首例 ASF 疫情爆发，成为继中国之后该地区第二个受到该疾病影响的国家。在布尔干省发生异常家猪死亡事件后，一个现场小组访问了该地区的四个农场和一个肉类市场，以进行疫情调查并采集实验室分析样本。对与 ASF 相关的病变进行了不同器官检查，并提取总核酸进行实时 PCR、病毒分离和分子特征分析。实时 PCR 结果证实 10 份样本中有 10 份存在 ASFV DNA，并且分离出了 ASFV。系统进化分析表明，蒙古的 ASFVs 属于基因型 II 和血清群 8。基于对五个基因组靶标的比较，蒙古的病毒与中国和俄罗斯的家养猪分离株相同。我们的结果表明 ASFV 发生了跨境传播，但未表明感染源。
