Ankhanbaatar Ulaankhuu, Auer Agathe, Ulziibat Gerelmaa, Settypalli Tirumala B K, Gombo-Ochir Delgerzul, Basan Ganzorig, Takemura Taichiro, Tseren-Ochir Erdene-Ochir, Ouled Ahmed Hatem, Meki Irene Kasindi, Datta Sneha, Soumare Baba, Metlin Artem, Cattoli Giovanni, Lamien Charles E
Laboratory of Viral Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Surveillance, State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia.
School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia.
Pathogens. 2023 Sep 7;12(9):1143. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12091143.
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and severe viral hemorrhagic disease in domestic and wild pigs. ASF seriously affects the global swine industry as the mortality rate can reach 100% with highly virulent strains. In 2007, ASF was introduced into the Caucasus and spread to Russia and later into other European and Asian countries. This study reported the first whole-genome sequence (WGS) of the ASF virus (ASFV) that was detected in a Mongolian wild boar. This sequence was then compared to other WGS samples from Asia and Europe. Results show that the ASFV Genotype II from Mongolia is similar to the Asian Genotype II WGS. However, there were three nucleotide differences found between the Asian and European genome sequences, two of which were non-synonymous. It was also observed that the European Genotype II ASFV WGS was more diverse than that of the Asian counterparts. The study demonstrates that the ASFV Genotype II variants found in wild boars and domestic pigs are highly similar, suggesting these animals might have had direct or indirect contact, potentially through outdoor animal breeding. In conclusion, this study provides a WGS and mutation spectrum of the ASFV Genotype II WGS in Asia and Europe and thus provides important insights into the origin and spread of ASFV in Mongolia.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种在家猪和野猪中具有高度传染性的严重病毒性出血性疾病。由于高毒力毒株的死亡率可达100%，非洲猪瘟严重影响全球养猪业。2007年，非洲猪瘟传入高加索地区，并蔓延至俄罗斯，随后传播到其他欧洲和亚洲国家。本研究报告了在一头蒙古野猪中检测到的非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）的首个全基因组序列（WGS）。然后将该序列与来自亚洲和欧洲的其他WGS样本进行比较。结果表明，来自蒙古的ASFV基因型II与亚洲基因型II的WGS相似。然而，在亚洲和欧洲的基因组序列之间发现了三个核苷酸差异，其中两个是非同义的。还观察到欧洲基因型II的ASFV WGS比亚洲的更为多样。该研究表明，在野猪和家猪中发现的ASFV基因型II变体高度相似，这表明这些动物可能有直接或间接接触，可能是通过户外养殖。总之，本研究提供了亚洲和欧洲ASFV基因型II WGS的全基因组序列和突变谱，从而为非洲猪瘟病毒在蒙古的起源和传播提供了重要见解。
