Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Catania, via S. Sofia no. 87, Catania, Italy.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2022;23(2):180-189. doi: 10.2174/1389201022666210405142611.
Physical exercise (PE), notoriously, promotes a state of general well-being, throughout the entire human lifespan. Moreover, maintaining an adequate and regular PE habit results in a powerful preventive factor towards many diseases and may also help in managing existing pathological conditions. PE induces structural and functional changes in various parts of the body, determining biological and psychological benefits. Additionally, in the elderly, PE might represent a remarkable tool reducing cognitive impairments related to the normal aging processes and it has also been found to have an impact on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The present review aims to provide an overview of PE effects on the hippocampus, since it is one of the brain regions most susceptible to aging and, therefore, involved in diseases characterized by cognitive impairment.
体育锻炼（PE）众所周知，在整个人类生命周期中促进整体健康状态。此外，保持充足和定期的体育锻炼习惯是许多疾病的强大预防因素，也可能有助于控制现有的病理状况。PE 会引起身体各部位的结构和功能变化，从而带来生理和心理上的益处。此外，在老年人中，PE 可能是一种减少与正常衰老过程相关的认知障碍的重要工具，并且已经发现它对阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病也有影响。本综述旨在概述 PE 对海马体的影响，因为海马体是最易受衰老影响的大脑区域之一，因此与认知障碍为特征的疾病有关。
