Maugeri Grazia, D'Agata Velia, Trovato Bruno, Roggio Federico, Castorina Alessandro, Vecchio Michele, Di Rosa Michelino, Musumeci Giuseppe
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human, Histology and Movement Science Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°97, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Heliyon. 2021 Oct 29;7(11):e08281. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08281. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Peripheral nerve injury is a complex condition with a variety of signs and symptoms depending on the severity and nerves involved. Peripheral nerve damage may lead to sensory and motor functions deficits and even lifelong disability, causing important socioeconomic costs worldwide. Despite the increase in knowledge of the mechanisms of injury and regeneration, a full functional recovery is still unsatisfying in the majority of patients. It is well known that exercise promotes physical and psychological well-being, by ameliorating general health. In the last years, there has been a growing interest in evaluating the effects of exercise on the peripheral nervous system. Experimental works with rodent models showed the potential utility of exercise following peripheral nerve injuries, as evinced by increasing axon regeneration, muscle reinnervation, better recovery of strength, muscle mass and higher expression of neurotrophic factors. Moreover, clinical evidence showed positive trends in favour of physical therapy following peripheral nerve damage based on the improvement of range of motion (ROM), muscle power grade and pain. After a brief overview of peripheral nerve anatomy and the different types of nerve injury, the present review aims to summarize the impact of exercise on peripheral nerve regeneration. Some clinical evidence regarding the effect of exercise after peripheral nerve injury will also be discussed.
周围神经损伤是一种复杂的病症，其具有多种体征和症状，这取决于损伤的严重程度和所涉及的神经。周围神经损伤可能导致感觉和运动功能缺损，甚至造成终身残疾，在全球范围内产生重大的社会经济成本。尽管人们对损伤和再生机制的认识有所增加，但在大多数患者中，完全功能恢复仍然不尽人意。众所周知，运动通过改善总体健康状况来促进身心健康。在过去几年中，人们对评估运动对周围神经系统的影响越来越感兴趣。对啮齿动物模型进行实验研究表明，运动对周围神经损伤后的恢复具有潜在作用，这表现为轴突再生增加、肌肉再支配、力量和肌肉质量更好地恢复以及神经营养因子表达升高。此外，临床证据表明，基于运动范围（ROM）、肌肉力量分级和疼痛的改善，周围神经损伤后进行物理治疗呈现出积极趋势。在简要概述周围神经解剖结构和不同类型的神经损伤后，本综述旨在总结运动对周围神经再生的影响。还将讨论一些关于周围神经损伤后运动效果的临床证据。
