Brkić-Jovanović Nina, Runjo Vanja, Tamaš Daniela, Slavković Sanela, Milankov Vesela
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Institution for Mentally Disabled adult Persons "Otthon", Stara Moravica, Serbia.
Zdr Varst. 2021 Mar 18;60(2):82-89. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2021-0013. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Persons with ID most often have incomplete, contradictory and imprecise knowledge of sexuality and sexual intercourse itself. They are not provided with sufficient information on their own body and sexuality, and are often discouraged from and sanctioned for trying to sexually express themselves. Sexual abuse due to low sexual assertiveness is also common.
The principal aim of this study was to establish the presence or absence of sexual activity in adults with ID residing in institutional housing, as well as the level and structure of their knowledge of sexuality, their sexual assertiveness and preparedness to react in a sexually dangerous situation.
The sample consisted of 100 participants with ID residing in institutional housing. The instruments used included the General Sexual Knowledge Questionnaire, What-if test and Hulbert index of sexual assertiveness. Comparative statistics included coefficient of linear correlation and multiple regression analysis.
The results showed that 82% of the participants are sexually active. Most participants admitted to sometimes having sexual intercourse against their wishes as well as to having difficulty asserting themselves. Their knowledge of pregnancy, contraception and sexually transmitted diseases was very low. Female participants and those that reported having sexual intercourse had more sexual knowledge and were also more sexually assertive.
Knowledge of sexuality and sexual assertiveness of persons with ID residing in institutional housing is very low. Additional information on sexuality is necessary, as well as support in learning to express their own desires and to deal with unwanted sexual activity.
智力残疾者对性和性交本身的了解往往不完整、相互矛盾且不准确。他们没有得到关于自身身体和性方面的足够信息，并且常常因试图表达自己的性需求而受到劝阻和制裁。由于性自信不足导致的性虐待也很常见。
本研究的主要目的是确定居住在机构照料场所的成年智力残疾者是否存在性活动，以及他们的性知识水平和结构、性自信程度以及在性危险情况下做出反应的准备情况。
样本包括100名居住在机构照料场所的智力残疾参与者。使用的工具包括一般性知识问卷、假设测试和性自信的赫尔伯特指数。比较统计包括线性相关系数和多元回归分析。
结果显示，82%的参与者有性活动。大多数参与者承认有时会违背自己的意愿进行性交，并且在表达自己的意愿方面存在困难。他们对怀孕、避孕和性传播疾病的了解非常少。女性参与者以及那些报告有性交行为的人有更多的性知识，并且性自信也更强。
居住在机构照料场所的智力残疾者的性知识和性自信非常低。需要提供更多关于性方面的信息，以及在学习表达自己的欲望和应对 unwanted 性活动方面给予支持。 （注：原文中“unwanted”直译为“ unwanted”，结合语境可能是“ unwanted sexual activity”，即“ unwanted 性活动”，但不太明确其准确含义，可能需结合更多背景信息理解。）
