Spichtig Alexandra N, Pascoe Jeffrey P, Ferrara John D, Vorstius Christian
Reading Plus,Winooski, Vermont, United States of America.
Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany.
J Eye Mov Res. 2017 Dec 2;10(4). doi: 10.16910/jemr.10.4.5.
This cross-sectional study examined eye movements during reading across grades in stu-dents with differing levels of reading efficiency. Eye-movement recordings were obtained while students in grades 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 silently read normed grade-leveled texts with demonstrated comprehension. Recordings from students in each reading rate quartile at each grade level were compared to characterize differences in reading rate, number of fixations, number of regressions, and fixation durations. Comparisons indicated that stu-dents in higher reading rate quartiles made fewer fixations and regressions per word, and had shorter fixation durations. These indices of greater efficiency were also characteristic of students in upper as compared to lower grades, with two exceptions: (a) between grades 6 and 8, fixations and regressions increased while reading rates stagnated and fixation durations continued to decline, and (b) beyond grade 6 there was relatively little growth in the reading efficiency of students in the lower two reading rate quartiles. These results suggest that declines in fixation duration across grades may in part reflect broader matura-tional processes, while higher fixation and regression rates may distinguish students who continue to struggle with word recognition during their high school years.
这项横断面研究调查了阅读效率不同的学生在各年级阅读过程中的眼动情况。在二年级、四年级、六年级、八年级、十年级和十二年级的学生默读具有既定理解水平的年级标准文本时，获取眼动记录。对每个年级阅读速度四分位数区间内学生的记录进行比较，以描述阅读速度、注视次数、回视次数和注视持续时间的差异。比较结果表明，阅读速度较高四分位数区间的学生每单词的注视次数和回视次数较少，且注视持续时间较短。与低年级学生相比，高年级学生也具有这些更高效率的指标，但有两个例外：（a）在六年级和八年级之间，阅读时注视次数和回视次数增加，而阅读速度停滞不前，注视持续时间继续下降；（b）六年级以后，阅读速度较低的两个四分位数区间的学生阅读效率增长相对较少。这些结果表明，各年级注视持续时间的下降可能部分反映了更广泛的成熟过程，而较高的注视和回视率可能区分出在高中阶段仍在单词识别方面存在困难的学生。
