Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
Community Health Equity Res Policy. 2023 Jan;43(2):183-193. doi: 10.1177/0272684X211006607. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
Obesity is one of the most important public health problems in the world, which is occurred by various factors. The purpose of this study is to explore the causes of obesity in the Kurdish regions of Iran with a qualitative approach.
A qualitative content analysis study was conducted in the Kurdish regions of Iran from June 2019 to November 2019. The data were collected by holding focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with 111 obese and thin men and women, and experts from different fields, who were selected through purposive sampling. Additionally, the data were analyzed by the conventional content analysis approach following the steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. The researchers used ATLAS.ti (Version 2019) software for data analysis and management. Lincoln and Guba's criteria were used to assess the quality of the research.
The results of the data analysis were classified into 5 categories and 16 sub-categories. The main categories included the modern lifestyle, sociocultural norms, indigenous culture of nutrition, lack of institutionalization of exercise, and low health literacy.
Changing people's beliefs and values about obesity and thinness, changing the dietary habits of individuals, expanding and institutionalizing exercise and physical activity, and enhancing health literacy can prevent and control obesity.
肥胖是世界上最重要的公共卫生问题之一，由多种因素引起。本研究旨在采用定性方法探讨伊朗库尔德地区肥胖的原因。
本研究于 2019 年 6 月至 11 月在伊朗库尔德地区进行了一项定性内容分析研究。通过与 111 名肥胖和瘦弱的男女以及不同领域的专家进行焦点小组讨论和半结构化访谈来收集数据，这些参与者是通过目的抽样选择的。此外，还按照 Graneheim 和 Lundman 提出的步骤，采用常规内容分析方法对数据进行分析。研究人员使用 ATLAS.ti（2019 版）软件进行数据分析和管理。采用 Lincoln 和 Guba 的标准来评估研究质量。
数据分析的结果分为 5 类和 16 个子类别。主要类别包括现代生活方式、社会文化规范、本土营养文化、缺乏运动的制度化以及健康素养低。
改变人们对肥胖和瘦弱的观念和价值观、改变个人的饮食习惯、扩大和制度化运动和体育活动以及提高健康素养，可以预防和控制肥胖。
