Primary Health Care Centre General Ricardos, Calle General Ricardos 131, 28019, Madrid, Spain.
Health Services Research On Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain.
BMC Fam Pract. 2021 Apr 8;22(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s12875-021-01419-7.
To estimate the prevalence of symptoms and signs related to a COVID-19 case series confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2. Risk factors and the associated use of health services will also be analysed.
Observational, descriptive, retrospective case series study. The study was performed at two Primary Care Health Centres located in Madrid, Spain. The subjects studied were all PCR SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases older than 18 years, diagnosed from the beginning of the community transmission (March 13) until April 15, 2020. We collected sociodemographic, clinical, health service utilization and clinical course variables during the following months. All data was gathered by their own attending physician, and electronic medical records were reviewed individually.
A descriptive analysis was carried out and a Poisson regression model was adjusted to study associated factors to Health Services use.
Out of the 499 patients studied from two health centres, 55.1% were women and mean age was 58.2 (17.3). 25.1% were healthcare professionals. The most frequent symptoms recorded related to COVID-19 were cough (77.9%; CI 95% 46.5-93.4), fever (77.7%; CI95% 46.5-93.4) and dyspnoea (54.1%, CI95% 46.6-61.4). 60.7% were admitted to hospital. 64.5% first established contact with their primary care provider before going to the hospital, with a mean number of 11.4 Healthcare Providers Encounters with primary care during all the follow-up period. The number of visit-encounters with primary care was associated with being male [IRR 1.072 (1.013, 1.134)], disease severity {from mild respiratory infection [IRR 1.404 (1.095, 1.801)], up to bilateral pneumonia [IRR 1.852 (1.437,2.386)]}, and the need of a work leave [IRR 1.326 (1.244, 1.413].
Symptoms and risk factors in our case series are similar to those in other studies. There was a high number of patients with atypical unilateral or bilateral pneumonia. Care for COVID has required a high use of healthcare resources such as clinical encounters and work leaves.
本研究旨在通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）对 SARS-CoV-2 进行检测，以评估与确诊 COVID-19 病例相关的症状和体征的流行情况。本研究还将分析风险因素以及与卫生服务利用相关的因素。
这是一项观察性、描述性、回顾性病例系列研究。研究在西班牙马德里的两家初级保健中心进行。研究对象为所有年龄在 18 岁以上，在社区传播开始时（3 月 13 日）至 2020 年 4 月 15 日期间通过 PCR 检测 SARS-CoV-2 阳性的确诊病例。我们收集了以下几个月内的社会人口统计学、临床、卫生服务利用和临床病程变量。所有数据均由其主治医生收集，单独查阅电子病历。
对数据进行描述性分析，并调整泊松回归模型以研究与卫生服务利用相关的因素。
从两家健康中心共纳入 499 例患者，其中 55.1%为女性，平均年龄为 58.2（17.3）岁。25.1%为医护人员。记录到的与 COVID-19 相关的最常见症状为咳嗽（77.9%；95%CI 46.5-93.4）、发热（77.7%；95%CI 46.5-93.4）和呼吸困难（54.1%；95%CI 46.6-61.4）。60.7%的患者住院。64.5%的患者在去医院之前首先与初级保健提供者建立联系，在整个随访期间平均与初级保健提供者进行了 11.4 次就诊。与男性相比，就诊次数与以下因素相关：初级保健[调整后发病率比（IRR）1.072（1.013，1.134）]、疾病严重程度（从轻到中度呼吸道感染[IRR 1.404（1.095，1.801）]，到双侧肺炎[IRR 1.852（1.437，2.386）]）以及工作缺勤[IRR 1.326（1.244，1.413）]。
本研究中，病例系列的症状和危险因素与其他研究相似。有相当数量的患者患有单侧或双侧非典型性肺炎。COVID-19 患者需要大量的医疗资源，如临床就诊和工作缺勤。
