Tagesse Mihretu, Deti Mulunesh, Dadi Dessalegn, Nigussie Berhanu, Eshetu Tizita Teshome, Tucho Gudina Terefe
Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Behavioral Sciences, College of Education and Behavioural Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Apr 1;14:1363-1372. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S293723. eCollection 2021.
Cosmetic products emits Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) and Particulate Matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 micrometers (PM) of different sizes and characteristics with adverse health effects. Despite the increasing need for cosmetic products, related pollutants level of concentration from beauty salon is not well understood in developing countries.
This study aims to assess indoor air pollutant concentrations in the beauty salon and self-reported health problems among the salon workers in Jimma town.
A cross-sectional study design was used on 87 beauty salons from May 13-24, 2019. The concentrations of PM TVOCs, CO, room temperature, and relative humidity were measured and triangulated with the survey data collected through measurements and questionnaires. A statistical software package, SPSS v.21, was used to analyze the data. A binary logistic regression was used to analyze categorical data and linear regressions to predict pollutants level and associated health outcomes.
The results show that 93.1% of the respondents are females, and 85% were below 30 years old. More than 60% of the respondents were married individuals. 56.3% and 44.8% of the workers work over 10 hours per day and work the whole week. 34.6% of the workers reported as worked during pregnancy. About 70% of the workers know the harmful effects of cosmetics, benefits of ventilation, and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use, but only 19.4% use face masks. The majority (88.5%) reported health problems after starting work in the beauty salon. The mean volume of the beauty salon was 36.3 m with a mean PM concentration of 0.465 mg/m and a mean TVOC concentration of 1034.2 µg/m. These air pollutants have shown a statistically significant association with self-reported health problems. Hence, urgent intervention with subsequent continuous awareness creation is needed to reduce the health consequences of a beauty salon's indoor air pollutants.
化妆品会释放总挥发性有机化合物（TVOC）以及不同大小和特性的空气动力学直径为10微米的颗粒物（PM），对健康有不良影响。尽管对化妆品的需求不断增加，但发展中国家美容院相关污染物的浓度水平尚不清楚。
本研究旨在评估吉姆马镇美容院室内空气污染物浓度以及美容院工作人员自我报告的健康问题。
于2019年5月13日至24日对87家美容院采用横断面研究设计。测量了PM、TVOCs、CO的浓度、室温及相对湿度，并与通过测量和问卷收集的调查数据进行三角分析。使用统计软件包SPSS v.21分析数据。采用二元逻辑回归分析分类数据，线性回归预测污染物水平及相关健康结果。
结果显示，93.1%的受访者为女性，85%年龄在30岁以下。超过60%的受访者已婚。56.3%和44.8%的工作人员每天工作超过10小时且每周全周工作。34.6%的工作人员报告在怀孕期间仍工作。约70%的工作人员知晓化妆品的有害影响、通风的益处以及使用个人防护装备（PPE），但只有19.4%使用口罩。大多数（88.5%）报告在开始在美容院工作后出现健康问题。美容院的平均面积为36.3平方米，PM平均浓度为0.465毫克/立方米，TVOC平均浓度为1034.2微克/立方米。这些空气污染物与自我报告的健康问题存在统计学上的显著关联。因此，需要立即进行干预并随后持续开展宣传，以减少美容院室内空气污染物对健康的影响。
