改善有发生新生儿低血糖风险的婴儿神经发育结局的策略。
Strategies to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia.
机构信息
Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Practice, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
出版信息
Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2021 Jul;5(7):513-523. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30387-4. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
Abstract
Neonatal hypoglycaemia is associated with adverse development, particularly visual-motor and executive function impairment, in childhood. As neonatal hypoglycaemia is common and frequently asymptomatic in at-risk babies-ie, those born preterm, small or large for gestational age, or to mothers with diabetes, it is recommended that these babies are screened for hypoglycaemia in the first 1-2 days after birth with frequent blood glucose measurements. Neonatal hypoglycaemia can be prevented and treated with buccal dextrose gel, and it is also common to treat babies with hypoglycaemia with infant formula and intravenous dextrose. However, it is uncertain if screening, prophylaxis, or treatment improves long-term outcomes of babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia. This narrative review assesses the latest evidence for screening, prophylaxis, and treatment of neonates at risk of hypoglycaemia to improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.
摘要
新生儿低血糖与儿童时期的发育不良有关，特别是视觉运动和执行功能受损。由于新生儿低血糖在有风险的婴儿中很常见且常无症状 - 即早产儿、出生体重过大或过小、或母亲患有糖尿病的婴儿 - 建议在出生后 1-2 天内通过频繁测量血糖对这些婴儿进行低血糖筛查。口腔葡萄糖凝胶可预防和治疗新生儿低血糖，也常用婴儿配方奶和静脉内葡萄糖治疗低血糖婴儿。然而，尚不确定筛查、预防或治疗是否可以改善有新生儿低血糖风险的婴儿的长期结局。本叙述性综述评估了筛查、预防和治疗有低血糖风险的新生儿以改善长期神经发育结局的最新证据。
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