Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Transplant Cell Ther. 2021 Apr;27(4):310.e1-310.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jtct.2020.10.023. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
Adaptive natural killer (NK) cells are long-lived and exhibit properties of immunologic memory against cytomegalovirus (CMV). We previously reported that expansion of adaptive NK cells after CMV reactivation in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) was associated with a lower rate of relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia. In the present study, we examined the impact of adaptive NK cell expansion in a cohort of 110 individuals who underwent autologous HCT (AHCT) for a lymphoid malignancy (lymphoma or multiple myeloma [MM]). In this cohort, higher absolute numbers of adaptive NK cells (>1.58/μL) at day 28 post-AHCT were associated with significantly decreased risk of relapse in patients with MM. No significant association was seen in patients with lymphoma. Further stratification of MM patients by CMV serostatus found a strong protective effect of adaptive NK cells only in CMV-seropositive individuals. These findings suggest that strategies to increase adaptive NK cells after AHCT may be a therapeutic option in patients with MM.
适应性自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞寿命长，并具有针对巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 的免疫记忆特性。我们之前报道过，异基因造血细胞移植 (HCT) 受者中 CMV 再激活后适应性 NK 细胞的扩增与急性髓细胞白血病 (AML) 复发率降低有关。在本研究中，我们在 110 名接受自体 HCT (AHCT) 治疗的淋巴恶性肿瘤（淋巴瘤或多发性骨髓瘤 [MM]）患者队列中检查了适应性 NK 细胞扩增的影响。在该队列中，AHCT 后 28 天适应性 NK 细胞的绝对数量较高 (>1.58/μL) 与 MM 患者的复发风险显著降低相关。在淋巴瘤患者中未观察到显著相关性。对 MM 患者按 CMV 血清状态进一步分层发现，适应性 NK 细胞仅在 CMV 血清阳性个体中具有强烈的保护作用。这些发现表明，AHCT 后增加适应性 NK 细胞的策略可能是 MM 患者的一种治疗选择。
