小胶质细胞膜在阿尔茨海默病中的作用。
Roles of microglial membranes in Alzheimer's disease.
机构信息
Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
出版信息
Curr Top Membr. 2020;86:301-314. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
The majority of Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk genes are highly and selectively expressed by microglia in the brain. Several of these genes are related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism, lipid synthesis, lipid transport, endocytosis, exocytosis and phagocytosis. Therefore, studying the roles of cellular membrane biophysics in microglial function should improve our understanding of the AD pathology. In this chapter, we discuss how lipid rafts and membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion impact microglial-mediated oxidative stress and clearance of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). We also discuss potential roles of lipid membrane-bound extracellular vesicles as carriers of pathological factors to promote inflammation and cytotoxicity.
大多数阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险基因在大脑中的小胶质细胞中高度且选择性地表达。这些基因中有几个与脂质和胆固醇代谢、脂质合成、脂质转运、内吞作用、胞吐作用和吞噬作用有关。因此，研究细胞膜生物物理学在小胶质细胞功能中的作用应该能增进我们对 AD 病理的理解。在这一章中，我们讨论了脂筏和膜-细胞骨架黏附如何影响小胶质细胞介导的氧化应激和淀粉样β肽（Aβ）的清除。我们还讨论了脂质膜结合的细胞外囊泡作为病理因子载体的潜在作用，以促进炎症和细胞毒性。
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