Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center on CO(2) and H(2), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Chemosphere. 2021 Sep;278:130440. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130440. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
In this paper, we present a critical review on antimicrobial nanomaterials with demonstrated potential for application as a disinfection technology in wastewater treatment. Studies involving fabrication and testing of antimicrobial nanomaterials for wastewater treatment were gathered, critically reviewed, and analyzed. Our review shows that there are only a few eligible candidate nanoparticles (NPs) (metal and metal oxide) that can adequately serve as an antimicrobial agent. Nanosilver (nAg) was the most studied and moderately understood metal NPs with proven antimicrobial activity followed by ZnO (among antimicrobial metal oxide NPs) which outperformed titania (in the absence of light) in efficacy due to its better solubility in aqueous condition. The direction of future work was found to be in the development of antimicrobial nanocomposites, since they provide more stability for antimicrobial metal and metal oxides NPs in water, thereby increasing their activity. This review will serve as an updated survey, yet touching also the fundamentals of the antimicrobial activity, with vital information for researchers planning to embark on the development of superior antimicrobial nanomaterials for wastewater treatment applications.
本文对具有应用于废水处理消毒技术潜力的抗菌纳米材料进行了批判性回顾。收集、批判性地审查和分析了涉及用于废水处理的抗菌纳米材料的制造和测试的研究。我们的综述表明，只有少数合格的候选纳米颗粒（NPs）（金属和金属氧化物）可以充分用作抗菌剂。纳米银（nAg）是研究最多、理解程度较高的金属 NPs，具有已证明的抗菌活性，其次是 ZnO（在抗菌金属氧化物 NPs 中），由于其在水相中的更好的溶解性，其在功效上优于 TiO2（在没有光的情况下）。未来工作的方向被发现在抗菌纳米复合材料的开发，因为它们在水中为抗菌金属和金属氧化物 NPs 提供了更多的稳定性，从而提高了它们的活性。本综述将作为一个更新的调查，同时也触及抗菌活性的基础，为计划开发用于废水处理应用的优越抗菌纳米材料的研究人员提供重要信息。
