Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2021 May 31;379(2198):20200236. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0236. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
The concept of resonance in nonlinear systems is crucial and traditionally refers to a specific realization of maximum response provoked by a particular external perturbation. Depending on the system and the nature of perturbation, many different resonance types have been identified in various fields of science. A prominent example is in neuroscience where it has been widely accepted that a neural system may exhibit resonances at microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic scales and benefit from such resonances in various tasks. In this context, the two well-known forms are stochastic and vibrational resonance phenomena which manifest that detection and propagation of a feeble information signal in neural structures can be enhanced by additional perturbations via these two resonance mechanisms. Given the importance of network architecture in proper functioning of the nervous system, we here present a review of recent studies on stochastic and vibrational resonance phenomena in neuronal media, focusing mainly on their emergence in complex networks of neurons as well as in simple network structures that represent local behaviours of neuron communities. From this perspective, we aim to provide a secure guide by including theoretical and experimental approaches that analyse in detail possible reasons and necessary conditions for the appearance of stochastic resonance and vibrational resonance in neural systems. This article is part of the theme issue 'Vibrational and stochastic resonance in driven nonlinear systems (part 2)'.
非线性系统中的共振概念至关重要，传统上是指特定外部扰动引起的最大响应的具体实现。根据系统和扰动的性质，在科学的各个领域已经确定了许多不同类型的共振。在神经科学中，一个突出的例子是，人们普遍认为，神经网络可以在微观、介观和宏观尺度上表现出共振，并在各种任务中受益于这些共振。在这种情况下，两种众所周知的形式是随机共振和振动共振现象，这表明在神经结构中检测和传播微弱的信息信号可以通过这两种共振机制通过额外的扰动来增强。考虑到网络结构在神经系统正常功能中的重要性，我们在这里回顾了神经元介质中随机共振和振动共振现象的最新研究，主要集中在它们在复杂神经元网络以及代表神经元群落局部行为的简单网络结构中的出现。从这个角度来看，我们旨在通过包括详细分析神经系统中随机共振和振动共振出现的可能原因和必要条件的理论和实验方法提供一个安全的指南。本文是主题为“受激非线性系统中的振动和随机共振（第 2 部分）”的一部分。
