Do Bridgette, Mason Tyler B, Yi Li, Yang Chih-Hsiang, Dunton Genevieve F
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 USA.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2021 Jul;55. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101935. Epub 2021 Mar 13.
Chronic and acute stress may have a detrimental effect on children's physical activity. Research on stress as a predictor of children's physical activity has mostly focused on stress between children, rather than how children's within-day variation in stress may predict physical activity. The current study assessed the within- and between-effects of stress on subsequent physical activity in three different time windows using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and accelerometry. Children (N = 190; M =10.1±0.9, 53% female, 56% self-identified Hispanic/Latino) completed six semi-annual assessment bursts across three years. During each burst, participants responded to up to seven (weekend) or three (weekday) randomly prompted EMA surveys on smartphones for seven days and wore a waist-worn accelerometer. Multi-level structural equation modeling examined within- and between-subjects effects of stress as a predictor of children's subsequent moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the 15, 30, and 60 minutes following the EMA prompt. Latent variables were created for within- and between-subjects stress were comprised of three EMA stress items. Higher than average levels of stress (within-subjects) significantly predicted lower MVPA in the subsequent 15, 30 and 60 minutes (s < .05). Between-subjects stress was not significantly associated with subsequent MVPA (s > .05). Results indicate that elevated momentary stress predicts less subsequent MVPA. These findings suggest that within-day fluctuations in stress may be a barrier for children engaging in physical activity. Childhood physical activity promotion and interventions should consider the role of children's stress, aim to reduce the stress children experience throughout the day, and incorporate stress coping strategies.
慢性和急性应激可能会对儿童的身体活动产生不利影响。关于应激作为儿童身体活动预测因素的研究大多集中在儿童之间的应激，而非儿童日内应激变化如何预测身体活动。本研究使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）和加速度计，在三个不同的时间窗口评估了应激对后续身体活动的日内和日间影响。儿童（N = 190；M = 10.1±0.9，53%为女性，56%自我认定为西班牙裔/拉丁裔）在三年中完成了六次半年期评估。在每次评估期间，参与者在智能手机上对最多七次（周末）或三次（工作日）随机推送的EMA调查问卷进行为期七天的回复，并佩戴腰部加速度计。多层次结构方程模型检验了应激作为儿童在EMA提示后15、30和60分钟内后续中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）预测因素的受试者内和受试者间效应。为受试者内和受试者间应激创建了潜在变量，这些变量由三个EMA应激项目组成。高于平均水平的应激（受试者内）显著预测了后续15、30和60分钟内较低的MVPA（p <.05）。受试者间应激与后续MVPA无显著关联（p >.05）。结果表明，瞬间应激升高预示着后续MVPA较少。这些发现表明，日内应激波动可能是儿童参与身体活动的障碍。促进儿童身体活动的干预措施应考虑儿童应激的作用，旨在减少儿童一整天所经历的应激，并纳入应激应对策略。
