Courtney J B, Turner J A, Puterman E, Almeida D M
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, G412 Fetzer Hall, 202 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, G412 Fetzer Hall, 202 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2025 Jan;76:102777. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102777. Epub 2024 Nov 17.
People experience stressors on 40% of days, and emotional responses to stressors increase the risk for poor health, in part by impacting health behaviors like physical activity (PA). However, whether associations of daily psychological stressors with PA after the self-reported stressor occurs (post-stressor PA) differ across working and non-working hours is unclear. This study used the National Study of Daily Experiences III (2017-2019) to examine within-person associations between stressors and post-stressor PA during working and non-working hours and moderation by age and biological sex. Participants completed interviews across eight consecutive days about daily stress and the amount and timing of PA participation during the past 24 hours. Multilevel models with days nested in people examined the within-person associations of stressors with the odds and amount of post-stressor PA participation, with separate models during versus outside of working hours on working days and for non-working days. Participants (N = 564) had higher odds of post-stressor PA during working hours when they experienced greater than usual anger (OR = 3.24, p < .001), sadness (OR = 2.41, p < .001), or shame (ORs = 2.59, p < .001) due to stress. Sex moderated the within-person associations between stressor frequency (OR = 0.29, p < .001), intensity (OR = 0.49, p < .001), and anxiety (OR = 0.58, p = .002) on odds of post-stressor PA during working hours, such that the increased odds were higher in males. Participants had higher odds of post-stressor PA outside of working hours when they experienced greater stress intensity, anger, sadness, shame, or anxiety (OR = 3.94-7.35, p < .001). Research clarifying how age, sex, and/or occupation intersect with individuals' daily stress experiences and PA could inform occupational health policies and/or interventions.
人们在40%的日子里会经历压力源，对压力源的情绪反应会增加健康状况不佳的风险，部分原因是影响了诸如体育活动（PA）等健康行为。然而，在自我报告的压力源出现后，日常心理压力源与体育活动（压力源后体育活动）之间的关联在工作时间和非工作时间是否存在差异尚不清楚。本研究利用《全国日常经历研究III》（2017 - 2019年）来检验压力源与工作时间和非工作时间的压力源后体育活动之间的个体内部关联，以及年龄和生理性别对其的调节作用。参与者连续八天接受关于日常压力以及过去24小时内体育活动参与量和时间的访谈。将天数嵌套在个体中的多层次模型检验了压力源与压力源后体育活动参与几率和量之间的个体内部关联，在工作日的工作时间内和工作时间外以及非工作日分别建立模型。参与者（N = 564）在工作时间内，当因压力而经历比平常更大的愤怒（比值比[OR] = 3.24，p <.001）、悲伤（OR = 2.41，p <.001）或羞耻感（OR = 2.59，p <.001）时，压力源后体育活动的几率更高。性别调节了工作时间内压力源频率（OR = 0.29，p <.001）、强度（OR = 0.49，p <.001）和焦虑（OR = 0.58，p =.002）与压力源后体育活动几率之间的个体内部关联，使得男性中增加的几率更高。当参与者在非工作时间经历更大的压力强度、愤怒、悲伤、羞耻或焦虑时，压力源后体育活动的几率更高（OR = 3.94 - 7.35，p <.001）。阐明年龄、性别和/或职业如何与个体的日常压力经历和体育活动相互作用的研究可为职业健康政策和/或干预措施提供参考。
