Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 357720, Seattle, WA 98195-7720, USA.
Lipids Health Dis. 2013 Dec 12;12:183. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-12-183.
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a cardioprotective, HDL-associated glycoprotein enzyme with broad substrate specificity. Our previous work found associations between dietary cholesterol and vitamin C with PON1 activity. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of specific dietary fatty acid (DFA) intake on PON1 activity.
1,548 participants with paraoxonase activity measures completed the Harvard Standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire to determine their daily nutrient intake over the past year. Eight saturated, 3 monounsaturated, and 6 polyunsaturated DFAs were measured by the questionnaire. To reduce the number of observations tested, only specific fatty acids that were not highly correlated (r < 0.8) with other DFAs or that were representative of other DFAs through high correlation within each respective group (saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated) were retained for analysis. Six specific DFA intakes - myristic acid (14 carbon atoms, no double bonds - 14:0), oleic acid (18:1), gadoleic acid (20:1), α-linolenic acid (18:3), arachidonic acid (20:4), and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5) - were carried forward to stepwise linear regression, which evaluated the effect of each specific DFA on covariate-adjusted PON1 enzyme activity.
Four of the 6 tested DFA intakes - myristic acid (p = 0.038), gadoleic acid (p = 6.68 × 10(-7)), arachidonic acid (p = 0.0007), and eicosapentaenoic acid (p = 0.013) - were independently associated with covariate-adjusted PON1 enzyme activity. Myristic acid, a saturated fat, and gadoleic acid, a monounsaturated fat, were both positively associated with PON1 activity. Both of the tested polyunsaturated fats, arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, were negatively associated with PON1 activity.
This study presents the largest cohort-based analysis of the relationship between dietary lipids and PON1 enzyme activity. Further research is necessary to elucidate and understand the specific biological mechanisms, whether direct or regulatory, through which DFAs affect PON1 activity.
对氧磷酶 1（PON1）是一种具有广泛底物特异性的心脏保护性、高密度脂蛋白相关糖蛋白酶。我们之前的工作发现膳食胆固醇和维生素 C 与 PON1 活性之间存在关联。本研究的目的是确定特定膳食脂肪酸（DFA）摄入对 PON1 活性的影响。
1548 名具有对氧磷酶活性测量值的参与者完成了哈佛标准化食物频率问卷，以确定他们在过去一年中的每日营养素摄入量。通过问卷测量了 8 种饱和脂肪酸、3 种单不饱和脂肪酸和 6 种多不饱和脂肪酸。为了减少测试的观测次数，仅保留那些与其他 DFA 相关性不高（r<0.8）或通过各自组内高相关性代表其他 DFA 的特定脂肪酸进行分析（饱和、单不饱和或多不饱和）。6 种特定的 DFA 摄入量——肉豆蔻酸（14 个碳原子，无双键-14:0）、油酸（18:1）、麻酸（20:1）、α-亚麻酸（18:3）、花生四烯酸（20:4）和二十碳五烯酸（20:5）——被推进逐步线性回归，该回归评估了每种特定 DFA 对协变量调整后的 PON1 酶活性的影响。
在测试的 6 种 DFA 摄入量中，有 4 种——肉豆蔻酸（p=0.038）、麻酸（p=6.68×10(-7)）、花生四烯酸（p=0.0007）和二十碳五烯酸（p=0.013）——与协变量调整后的 PON1 酶活性独立相关。肉豆蔻酸是一种饱和脂肪，麻酸是一种单不饱和脂肪，它们都与 PON1 活性呈正相关。两种测试的多不饱和脂肪，花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸，都与 PON1 活性呈负相关。
本研究是关于膳食脂质与 PON1 酶活性之间关系的最大队列分析。需要进一步研究以阐明和理解 DFA 通过直接或调节机制影响 PON1 活性的具体生物学机制。
