University of Ulm, Department of Psychiatry, Leimgrubenweg 12-14, D-89075 Ulm, Germany.
Trends Neurosci Educ. 2021 Mar;22:100151. doi: 10.1016/j.tine.2021.100151. Epub 2021 Feb 21.
This review weighs the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 against the side effects of school closures on physical and mental health, education, and well-being of those affected by the school closures. Whereas short term effects - decreased learning and food security, and increased anxiety, violence against children, child labor and teen pregnancies - are frequently discussed, the long-term effects of school closures will be much more detrimental across the lifespan of the "Generation Corona": Existing pandemics of inactivity and myopia, already affecting billions of people, are worsening due to less physical exercise and less time spent outdoors, poor diet, weight gain, and increased screen time during lockdowns, causing future increases of stroke, heart attack, cancer, and blindness. Socio-emotional complications of isolation, learned helplessness, economic and existential insecurity will include increased depression and suicide, decreased empathy and increased loneliness. Together with decreased educational attainment and economic productivity, the amount of ensuing increased future global morbidity and mortality justifies immediate action of school reopening.
这篇综述权衡了感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险与学校关闭对受其影响的人群的身心健康、教育和幸福感的副作用。尽管短期影响——学习和食品安全下降，焦虑、针对儿童的暴力、童工和青少年怀孕增加——经常被讨论，但学校关闭的长期影响将在“新冠一代”的整个生命周期中更为不利：现有的缺乏运动和近视流行病，由于体育锻炼减少和户外活动时间减少、饮食不良、体重增加以及封锁期间屏幕时间增加，已经影响到数十亿人，情况正在恶化，这将导致未来中风、心脏病、癌症和失明的发病率增加。隔离的社会情感并发症、习得性无助、经济和生存不安全将包括抑郁和自杀增加、同理心减少和孤独感增加。再加上教育程度和经济生产力的下降，随之而来的未来全球发病率和死亡率的增加，证明了立即采取行动重新开放学校是合理的。
