Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia.
Physiol Plant. 2021 Jun;172(2):1291-1300. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13423. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
Drought can be considered as a cocktail of multiple stressful conditions that contribute to osmotic and ionic imbalance in plants. Considering that water is vital for plant life, the very survival of the plant becomes questionable during drought conditions. Water deficit affects a wide spectrum of morpho-physiological phenomena restricting overall plant growth, development and productivity. To evade such complications and ameliorate drought-induced effects, plants have a battery of various defence mechanisms. These mechanisms can vary from stomatal adjustments to osmotic adjustments and antioxidant metabolism to ion regulations. In this review, we critically evaluate how drought is perceived and signalled through the whole plant via abscisic acid mediated pathways. Additionally, the impact of drought on photosynthesis, gas exchange variables and reactive oxygen species pathway was also reviewed, along with the reversal of these induced effects through associated morpho-physiological counter mechanisms.
干旱可以被看作是多种胁迫条件的鸡尾酒，这些条件导致植物渗透和离子失衡。考虑到水对植物生命至关重要，在干旱条件下，植物的生存本身就成了问题。水分亏缺影响广泛的形态生理现象，限制了植物的整体生长、发育和生产力。为了避免这些并发症并减轻干旱引起的影响，植物有一系列的各种防御机制。这些机制可以从气孔调节到渗透调节和抗氧化代谢到离子调节。在这篇综述中，我们通过脱落酸介导的途径，批判性地评估了干旱是如何通过整株植物感知和发出信号的。此外，还回顾了干旱对光合作用、气体交换变量和活性氧途径的影响，以及通过相关形态生理补偿机制逆转这些诱导效应的情况。
