Health Services Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, 88, PRBB Building, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, 88, PRBB Building, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
Qual Life Res. 2021 Aug;30(8):2171-2185. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-02813-5. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
The aim of this study was to analyse the association between individual mental well-being and social, economic, lifestyle and health factors.
Cross-sectional study on a representative sample of 13,632 participants (> 15y/o) from the Catalan Health Interview Survey 2013-2016 editions. Mental well-being was assessed with the Warwick-Edinburg Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Linear regressions were fitted to associate well-being and sociodemographic, relational, lifestyle and health variables according to minimally sufficient adjustment sets identified using directed acyclic graphs. Predictors entered the model in blocks of variable types and analysed individually. Direct and total effects were estimated.
Health factors significantly contributed to mental well-being variance. Presence of a mental disorder and self-reported health had the largest effect size (eta = 13.4% and 16.3%). The higher individual impact from a variable came from social support (β = - 12.8, SE = 0.48, eta = 6.3%). A noticeable effect gradient (eta = 4.2%) from low to high mental well-being emerged according to economic difficulties (from β = 1.59, SE = 0.33 for moderate difficulties to β = 6.02 SE = 0.55 for no difficulties). Younger age (β = 5.21, SE = 0.26, eta = 3.4%) and being men (β = 1.32, SE = 0.15, eta = 0.6%) were associated with better mental well-being. Direct gender effects were negligible.
This study highlights health and social support as the most associated factors with individual mental well-being over socioeconomic factors. Interventions and policies aimed to these factors for health promotion would improve population mental well-being.
本研究旨在分析个体心理健康与社会、经济、生活方式和健康因素之间的关联。
这是一项针对来自 2013-2016 年加泰罗尼亚健康访谈调查的代表性样本（年龄大于 15 岁）的横断面研究。使用华威-爱丁堡心理健康量表（WEMWBS）评估心理健康。根据有向无环图确定的最小充分调整集，拟合线性回归以关联幸福感和社会人口统计学、关系、生活方式和健康变量。预测因子按变量类型块进入模型，并单独进行分析。估计直接和总效应。
健康因素对心理健康有显著影响。存在精神障碍和自我报告的健康状况对心理健康的影响最大（eta=13.4%和 16.3%）。个体从一个变量获得的影响越大，来自社会支持（β=-12.8，SE=0.48，eta=6.3%）。根据经济困难，从低到高的心理健康水平呈现出明显的效应梯度（eta=4.2%）（从中度困难的β=1.59，SE=0.33 到无困难的β=6.02，SE=0.55）。年龄较小（β=5.21，SE=0.26，eta=3.4%）和男性（β=1.32，SE=0.15，eta=0.6%）与更好的心理健康相关。直接的性别效应可以忽略不计。
本研究强调健康和社会支持是与个体心理健康最相关的因素，超过了社会经济因素。针对这些因素的干预和政策将提高人口的心理健康水平。
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