Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, National Veterinary Research Institute, Zduńska Wola, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puawy Poland.
Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, National Veterinary Research Institute, Zduńska Wola, Poland.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2021 Apr 13;68(2):255-263. doi: 10.18388/abp.2020_5547.
The aim of this study was the molecular epidemiology of independently introduced RHDV2 strains in Poland. The nucleotide sequences of RHDV2 diagnosed in domestic rabbits in 2018 in the voivodeships of Swietokrzyskie (strain PIN), Malopolskie (strain LIB) and Mazowieckie (strain WAK), and RHDVa from 2015 (strain F77-3) recognized in wild rabbits in Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeship were compared to the genome sequences of the first native RHDV2 strains from 2016-2017. The reference sequences available in public databases, the representative for a classical RHDV (G1-G5 genogroups), RHDVa (G6), non-pathogenic caliciviruses (RCV, GI.3 and GI.4) as well as original and recombinant RHDV2 isolates were included for this analysis. Nucleotide sequence similarity among the most distanced RHDV2 strains isolated in Poland in 2018 was from 92.3% to 98.2% in the genome sequence encoding ORF1, ORF2 and 3'UTR, between 94.8-98.7% in the VP60 gene and between 91.3-98.1% in non-structural proteins (NSP) region. The diversity between three RHDV2 and RHDVa from 2015 was up to 16.3% in the VP60 region. Similarities are shown for the VP60 tree within the RHDV2 group, however, the nucleotide analysis of NSP region revealed the differences between older and new native RHDV2 strains. The Polish RHDV2 isolates from 2016-2017 clustered together with RHDV G1/RHDV2 recombinants, first identified in the Iberian Peninsula in 2012, while all strains from 2018 are close to the original RHDV2. The F77-3 strain clustered to well supported RHDVa (G6) genetic group, together with other Polish and European RHDVa isolates. Based on the results of phylogenetic characterization of RHDV2 strains detected in Poland between 2016-2018 and the chronology of their emergence it can be concluded that RHDV2 strains of 2018 and RHDV2 strains of 2016-2017 were introduced independently thus confirming their different origin and simultaneous pathway of spreading.
本研究的目的是对波兰独立引入的 RHDV2 毒株进行分子流行病学研究。对 2018 年在斯维托科日斯克省（PIN 株）、马佐夫舍省（LIB 株）和马佐夫舍省（WAK 株）的家兔中诊断出的 RHDV2 株和 2015 年在库亚维-波美拉尼亚省野生兔中发现的 RHDVa（F77-3 株）的核苷酸序列与第一株 2016-2017 年本土 RHDV2 株的基因组序列进行了比较。本分析中还包括了公共数据库中可获得的参考序列、代表经典 RHDV（G1-G5 基因群）、RHDVa（G6）、非致病性杯状病毒（RCV、GI.3 和 GI.4）以及原始和重组 RHDV2 分离株。2018 年在波兰分离的最远距离 RHDV2 株在基因组序列编码 ORF1、ORF2 和 3'UTR 中的核苷酸序列相似性为 92.3%至 98.2%，在 VP60 基因中的相似性为 94.8-98.7%，在非结构蛋白（NSP）区域中的相似性为 91.3-98.1%。2015 年三个 RHDV2 和 RHDVa 之间的差异高达 VP60 区域的 16.3%。在 RHDV2 组内的 VP60 树中显示出相似性，但 NSP 区域的核苷酸分析显示了新旧本土 RHDV2 株之间的差异。2016-2017 年分离的波兰 RHDV2 株与 2012 年首次在伊比利亚半岛发现的 RHDV G1/RHDV2 重组株聚集在一起，而 2018 年所有的株都与原始 RHDV2 株接近。F77-3 株与其他波兰和欧洲的 RHDVa 分离株一起聚集在支持良好的 RHDVa（G6）遗传群中。根据 2016-2018 年在波兰检测到的 RHDV2 株的系统发育特征分析及其出现的时间顺序，可以得出结论，2018 年的 RHDV2 株和 2016-2017 年的 RHDV2 株是独立引入的，因此证实了它们的不同起源和同时传播途径。
