Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China; State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 15;782:146803. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146803. Epub 2021 Mar 27.
Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) have attracted particular attention in recent years due to their wide occurrence and potential impacts on the ecosystem and human health. This study aimed to compare the composition and level of NEOs in soils of different land use types. Two rounds of sampling were performed in Tianjin, China, with 158 soil samples in fall and 61 soil samples in spring collected from five types of land, i.e., greenhouse, orchard, farm, park and residential area. The concentrations of eight NEOs, i.e., imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE), thiamethoxam (THX), clothianidin (CLO), thiacloprid (THA), dinotefuran (DIN), nitenpyram (NIT) and flonicamid (FLO), were analyzed in the soil samples using LC-MS/MS. Six NEOs were detected, with IMI, ACE and THX being the most frequently detected ones. Concentrations of NEOs (arithmetic means in fall and spring, respectively) in greenhouse were the highest (2.52×10 and 4.59×10 ng g), followed by in orchard (35.1 and 1.31×10 ng g), park (50.4 and 1.02×10 ng g), residential area (20.2 and 1.38×10 ng g) and farm (25.5 and 84.2 ng g). The contribution of individual NEO varied in soils of different land use types. Both IMI and THX were largely used in greenhouse, while IMI was the main NEO in the other four lands. The NEO levels in soils planted with different crops varied greatly. Extremely high levels of NEOs (>10 ng g) were observed in soils planted with watermelon, tomato and peach in greenhouse. The ubiquitous presence of NEOs in soils deserves more attention, particularly in greenhouse.
新烟碱类杀虫剂（NEOs）近年来受到广泛关注，因其广泛存在且可能对生态系统和人类健康产生潜在影响。本研究旨在比较不同土地利用类型土壤中 NEOs 的组成和水平。在中国天津进行了两轮采样，秋季采集了 158 个土壤样本，春季采集了 61 个土壤样本，采集自温室、果园、农田、公园和居民区五种类型的土地。使用 LC-MS/MS 分析了土壤样本中 8 种 NEOs（吡虫啉（IMI）、噻虫胺（ACE）、噻虫嗪（THX）、噻虫啉（CLO）、噻虫砜（THA）、噻虫胺（DIN）、吡虫清（NIT）和氟啶虫酰胺（FLO））的浓度。共检测到 6 种 NEOs，其中 IMI、ACE 和 THX 是最常被检出的。温室土壤中 NEOs 的浓度（秋季和春季的算术平均值）最高（分别为 2.52×10 和 4.59×10 ng g），其次是果园（35.1 和 1.31×10 ng g）、公园（50.4 和 1.02×10 ng g）、居民区（20.2 和 1.38×10 ng g）和农田（25.5 和 84.2 ng g）。不同土地利用类型土壤中各 NEO 的贡献不同。温室中大量使用 IMI 和 THX，而其他四种土地中 IMI 是主要的 NEO。不同作物种植土壤中的 NEO 水平差异很大。温室中种植西瓜、番茄和桃的土壤中 NEO 水平极高（>10 ng g）。土壤中 NEO 的普遍存在值得更多关注，特别是在温室中。
