SCNU Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
SCNU Environmental Research Institute, School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
Environ Int. 2020 Jun;139:105719. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105719. Epub 2020 Apr 10.
Residues and distribution of neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) in soil-water-sediment systems of the urban and rural areas of Guangzhou, South China were investigated. A total of 104 soil samples from 7 different functional zones and 29 water/sediment samples from creeks were collected. The results showed that at least one neonicotinoid insecticide was detected in all samples. The summed levels of five target neonicotinoids (∑neonics) were in the range of 0.003-229 ng/g dw for soil samples, 7.94-636 ng/L for water samples, and 0.017-31.3 ng/g dw for sediment samples, with a geometric mean of 0.59 ng/g dw, 153 ng/L and 1.11 ng/g dw, respectively. Soils from agricultural areas contained the highest residual NEOs, followed by commercial, traffic, residential, industrial, educational zones and parks. Among the seven different functional zones studied, imidacloprid was the most dominant NEO in the agricultural areas and commercial zones, whereas acetamiprid was dominant in the other five functional zones with different land-use types. Thiamethoxam and acetamiprid were the main NEOs in water and sediment samples collected from 29 creeks. The pollution of NEOs in soils, water and sediments from rural areas was higher than that in the counterparts from urban areas. Residual concentration of NEOs detected in soils, water and sediments showed significant correlations with each other. The distribution of NEOs in soil-water-sediment systems indicated that NEOs tended to concentrate in water, followed by sediments and soils, especially in urban areas. An evaluation of the exposure to the current level of the ∑NEOs in Guangzhou suggests a significant risk for aquatic and soil organisms, particularly under chronic exposures. The results of the present study offer valuable data to better understand the contamination and ecological risks of neonicotinoid insecticides in the rapidly developing urbanized region of South China.
本研究调查了中国南方广州市城乡土壤-水-沉积物系统中新型烟碱类杀虫剂（NEOs）的残留和分布情况。共采集了来自 7 个不同功能区的 104 个土壤样本和来自小溪的 29 个水/沉积物样本。结果表明，所有样本中至少检测到一种新型烟碱类杀虫剂。五种目标新型烟碱类杀虫剂（∑neonics）的总水平范围为土壤样本 0.003-229ng/g dw，水样 7.94-636ng/L，沉积物样本 0.017-31.3ng/g dw，几何平均值分别为 0.59ng/g dw、153ng/L 和 1.11ng/g dw。农业区土壤中残留的新型烟碱类杀虫剂含量最高，其次是商业区、交通区、居民区、工业区、教育区和公园。在所研究的七个不同功能区中，在农业区和商业区，噻虫嗪是最主要的新型烟碱类杀虫剂，而在其他五个具有不同土地利用类型的功能区中，噻虫胺占主导地位。噻虫嗪和噻虫胺是从 29 条小溪采集的水样和沉积物样中主要的新型烟碱类杀虫剂。农村地区土壤、水和沉积物中新型烟碱类杀虫剂的污染高于城市地区。从土壤、水和沉积物中检测到的新型烟碱类杀虫剂残留浓度彼此之间呈显著相关性。土壤-水-沉积物系统中新型烟碱类杀虫剂的分布表明，新型烟碱类杀虫剂倾向于集中在水中，其次是沉积物和土壤，尤其是在城市地区。对广州市目前新型烟碱类杀虫剂水平进行评估表明，对水生生物和土壤生物存在显著风险，特别是在慢性暴露的情况下。本研究结果为更好地了解中国南方快速发展的城市化地区新型烟碱类杀虫剂的污染和生态风险提供了有价值的数据。
