Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
J Biomed Sci. 2021 Apr 14;28(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s12929-021-00725-7.
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising resource for cell-based therapy because of their high immunomodulation ability, tropism towards inflamed and injured tissues, and their easy access and isolation. Currently, there are more than 1200 registered MSC clinical trials globally. However, a lack of standardized methods to characterize cell safety, efficacy, and biodistribution dramatically hinders the progress of MSC utility in clinical practice. In this review, we summarize the current state of MSC-based cell therapy, focusing on the systemic safety and biodistribution of MSCs. MSC-associated risks of tumor initiation and promotion and the underlying mechanisms of these risks are discussed. In addition, MSC biodistribution methodology and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cell therapies are addressed. Better understanding of the systemic safety and biodistribution of MSCs will facilitate future clinical applications of precision medicine using stem cells.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其具有高免疫调节能力、向炎症和损伤组织的趋化性以及易于获取和分离等特点，是细胞治疗的有前途的资源。目前，全球有超过 1200 项 MSC 临床试验注册。然而，缺乏标准化的方法来描述细胞的安全性、有效性和生物分布，这极大地阻碍了 MSC 在临床实践中的应用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于 MSC 的细胞治疗的现状，重点关注 MSC 的全身安全性和生物分布。讨论了 MSC 相关的肿瘤起始和促进风险以及这些风险的潜在机制。此外，还介绍了 MSC 生物分布方法以及细胞治疗的药代动力学和药效学。更好地了解 MSCs 的全身安全性和生物分布将有助于未来使用干细胞进行精准医学的临床应用。
