Dermatology Institute of Fuzhou, Dermatology Hospital of Fuzhou, Xihong Road 243, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr 70, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020 Aug 8;11(1):345. doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01855-9.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a subset of heterogeneous non-hematopoietic fibroblast-like cells that can differentiate into cells of multiple lineages, such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, myoblasts, and others. These multipotent MSCs can be found in nearly all tissues but mostly located in perivascular niches, playing a significant role in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs interact with immune cells both in innate and adaptive immune systems, modulating immune responses and enabling immunosuppression and tolerance induction. Understanding the biology of MSCs and their roles in clinical treatment is crucial for developing MSC-based cellular therapy for a variety of pathological conditions. Here, we review the progress in the study on the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory and regenerative effects of MSCs; update the medical translation of MSCs, focusing on the registration trials leading to regulatory approvals; and discuss how to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety of MSC applications for future.
间充质基质细胞（MSCs）是一组异质性的非造血成纤维细胞样细胞亚群，能够分化为多种谱系的细胞，如软骨细胞、成骨细胞、脂肪细胞、成肌细胞等。这些多能性 MSCs 几乎可以在所有组织中找到，但主要位于血管周围龛位，在组织修复和再生中发挥重要作用。此外，MSCs 与先天和适应性免疫系统中的免疫细胞相互作用，调节免疫反应，实现免疫抑制和诱导耐受。了解 MSCs 的生物学特性及其在临床治疗中的作用，对于开发基于 MSCs 的细胞疗法治疗各种病理状况至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了研究 MSCs 免疫调节和再生作用机制的进展；更新了 MSCs 的医学翻译，重点介绍了导致监管批准的注册试验；并讨论了如何提高 MSC 应用的治疗效果和安全性，以应对未来的挑战。
