Alimoradi Nahid, Firouzabadi Negar, Fatehi Reihaneh
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Cancer Cell Int. 2021 Apr 13;21(1):207. doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-01921-z.
Metformin known as the first-line orally prescribed drug for lowering blood glucose in type II diabetes (T2DM) has recently found various therapeutic applications including in cancer. Metformin has been studied for its influences in prevention and treatment of cancer through multiple mechanisms such as microRNA (miR) regulation. Alteration in the expression of miRs by metformin may play an important role in the treatment of various cancers. MiRs are single-stranded RNAs that are involved in gene regulation. By binding to the 3'UTR of target mRNAs, miRs influence protein levels. Irregularities in the expression of miRs that control the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are associated with the onset and progression of cancer. Metformin may possess an effect on tumor prevention and progression by modifying miR expression and downstream pathways. Here, we summarize the effect of metformin on different types of cancer by regulating the expression of various miRs and the associated downstream molecules.
二甲双胍作为治疗II型糖尿病（T2DM）的一线口服降糖药物，最近发现了包括癌症在内的各种治疗应用。二甲双胍已通过多种机制（如微小RNA（miR）调控）对癌症预防和治疗的影响进行了研究。二甲双胍引起的miR表达改变可能在各种癌症的治疗中发挥重要作用。miR是参与基因调控的单链RNA。通过与靶mRNA的3'UTR结合，miR影响蛋白质水平。控制癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因表达的miR表达异常与癌症的发生和发展有关。二甲双胍可能通过改变miR表达和下游途径对肿瘤预防和进展产生影响。在此，我们总结了二甲双胍通过调节各种miR及其相关下游分子的表达对不同类型癌症的影响。
